This small number of DBs is set to 16 so actually in the default
configuraiton Redis should behave exactly like in the past.
However the difference is that when the user configures a very large
number of DBs we don't do an O(N) operation, consuming a non trivial
amount of CPU per serverCron() iteration.
This is the first step to lower the CPU usage when many databases are
configured. The other is to also process a limited number of DBs per
call in the active expire cycle.
REDIS_HZ is the frequency our serverCron() function is called with.
A more frequent call to this function results into less latency when the
server is trying to handle very expansive background operations like
mass expires of a lot of keys at the same time.
Redis 2.4 used to have an HZ of 10. This was good enough with almost
every setup, but the incremental key expiration algorithm was working a
bit better under *extreme* pressure when HZ was set to 100 for Redis
2.6.
However for most users a latency spike of 30 milliseconds when million
of keys are expiring at the same time is acceptable, on the other hand a
default HZ of 100 in Redis 2.6 was causing idle instances to use some
CPU time compared to Redis 2.4. The CPU usage was in the order of 0.3%
for an idle instance, however this is a shame as more energy is consumed
by the server, if not important resources.
This commit introduces HZ as a runtime parameter, that can be queried by
INFO or CONFIG GET, and can be modified with CONFIG SET. At the same
time the default frequency is set back to 10.
In this way we default to a sane value of 10, but allows users to
easily switch to values up to 500 for near real-time applications if
needed and if they are willing to pay this small CPU usage penalty.
A new server.orig_commands table was added to the server structure, this
contains a copy of the commant table unaffected by rename-command
statements in redis.conf.
A new API lookupCommandOrOriginal() was added that checks both tables,
new first, old later, so that rewriteClientCommandVector() and friends
can lookup commands with their new or original name in order to fix the
client->cmd pointer when the argument vector is renamed.
This fixes the segfault of issue #986, but does not fix a wider range of
problems resulting from renaming commands that actually operate on data
and are registered into the AOF file or propagated to slaves... That is
command renaming should be handled with care.
Usually this does not happens since we trim for " \t\r\n", but if there
are other chars that return true with isspace(), we may end with an
empty argv. Better to handle the condition in an explicit way.
This makes programs not checking the return value for NULL much safer
since with this change:
1) It is still possible to iterate the zero-length result without
crashes.
2) sdssplitargs_free will work against NULL and 0 count.
An empty input string also resulted into the function returning NULL
making it harder for the caller to distinguish between error and empty
string without checking the original input string length.
This should improve things in two ways:
1) Prevent timeouts caused by the execution of long commands.
2) Improve detection of real connection errors.
This is mostly effective only on Linux because of the bogus default
keepalive settings. In Linux we have OS-specific calls to set the
keepalive interval to reasonable values.
Further details from @antirez:
It was reported by @StopForumSpam on Twitter that the Redis replication
link was strangely using multiple TCP packets for multiple commands.
This wastes a lot of bandwidth and is due to the TCP_NODELAY option we
enable on the socket after accepting a new connection.
However the master -> slave channel is a one-way channel since Redis
replication is asynchronous, so there is no point in trying to reduce
the latency, we should aim to reduce the bandwidth. For this reason this
commit introduces the ability to disable the nagle algorithm on the
socket after a successful SYNC.
This feature is off by default because the delay can be up to 40
milliseconds with normally configured Linux kernels.
In CASE 2, the call sunionDiffGenericCommand will involve the string "srandmember"
> sadd foo one
(integer 1)
> sadd srandmember two
(integer 2)
> srandmember foo 3
1)"one"
2)"two"
There was a bug in the previous version of this library that caused a
crash under the circumstances described in issue #901.
The newer version of the library appears to be fixed (I tested it
manually with valgrind and everything seems fine now).
For more information about this library please visit this web site:
http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/struct/
