Merge branch 'master' into feature/dynasm-backend

2025-06-14 09:21:20 +00:00 · 2019-03-12 20:58:22 -05:00
parent 1fc7b31309 20d1023abe
commit 557be77338
358 changed files with 13992 additions and 1805 deletions
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ b/.appveyor.yml
@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 branches:
  except:
    - master
 version: "{build} ~ {branch}"
 os: Visual Studio 2017
 branches:
  only:
    - staging
    - trying
 environment:
  matrix:
    - CHANNEL: stable
@ -13,20 +14,60 @@ environment:
      ABI: msvc
      TARGET: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
 cache:
  - 'C:\Users\appveyor\.cargo'
  - target
 install:
-  - appveyor DownloadFile https://win.rustup.rs/ -FileName rustup-init.exe
+  # # Install LLVM
-  - rustup-init.exe -yv --default-host %target%
+  # - mkdir C:\projects\deps
-  - set PATH=%PATH%;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
+  # - cd C:\projects\deps
  # - appveyor DownloadFile http://prereleases.llvm.org/win-snapshots/LLVM-7.0.0-r336178-win64.exe -FileName llvm.exe
  # - 7z x llvm.exe -oC:\projects\deps\llvm
  # # - set "PATH=%PATH%;C:\projects\deps\llvm\bin"
  # - set "LLD_LINK=C:\projects\deps\llvm\bin\lld-link.exe"
  # - set "LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX=C:\projects\deps\llvm"
  # - cd "%APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%"
  # Install Rust
  # uncomment these lines if the cache is cleared, or if we must re-install rust for some reason
  # - appveyor DownloadFile https://win.rustup.rs/ -FileName rustup-init.exe
  # - rustup-init.exe -yv --default-host %target%
  - set PATH=%PATH%;C:\\Libraries\\llvm-5.0.0\\bin;%USERPROFILE%\.cargo\bin
  - rustup default stable-%target%
  - rustup update
  - rustc -vV
  - cargo -vV
-artifacts:
+  # Install InnoSetup
-  - path: target\debug\wasmer.exe
+  - appveyor-retry appveyor DownloadFile https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/rust-lang-ci2/rust-ci-mirror/2017-08-22-is.exe
-    name: wasmer.exe
+  - 2017-08-22-is.exe /VERYSILENT /SUPPRESSMSGBOXES /NORESTART /SP-
  - set PATH="C:\Program Files (x86)\Inno Setup 5";%PATH%
 # uncomment to RDP to appveyor
 #  - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
 build_script:
-  - cargo build --verbose
+   - cargo build --release --verbose
 test_script:
-  - set RUST_BACKTRACE=1
+  - cargo test --manifest-path lib/spectests/Cargo.toml --features clif
-  - cargo test --verbose
+
 before_deploy:
  - cd ./src/installer
  - iscc wasmer.iss
  - copy /y .\WasmerInstaller.exe ..\..\WasmerInstaller-%APPVEYOR_REPO_TAG_NAME%.exe
  - appveyor PushArtifact ..\..\WasmerInstaller-%APPVEYOR_REPO_TAG_NAME%.exe
  - cd ..\..\
 matrix:
  fast_finish: true
 deploy:
  description: 'WasmerInstaller'
  artifact: /.*\.exe/
  auth_token:
    secure: CaKtncy7S1PWxzDUQ0p2264pe3HwxzDn5VIyRizDaa72/SVfskNcoMjwwRh0ut22
  provider: GitHub
  on:
    branch: master
    appveyor_repo_tag: true
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ jobs:
          name: Install dependencies
          command: |
            sudo apt-get install -y cmake
            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
      - run:
          name: Install lint deps
          command: |
@ -20,7 +22,9 @@ jobs:
            rustup component add clippy
      - run:
          name: Execute lints
-          command: make lint
+          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make lint
      - save_cache:
          paths:
            - /usr/local/cargo/registry
@ -41,8 +45,23 @@ jobs:
          name: Install dependencies
          command: |
            sudo apt-get install -y cmake
-      - run: make test
+            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
-      - run: make integration-tests
+            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
      - run:
          name: Tests
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make test
      - run:
          name: Emscripten Tests
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make test-emscripten
      - run:
          name: Integration Tests
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make integration-tests
      - save_cache:
          paths:
            - /usr/local/cargo/registry
@ -66,6 +85,9 @@ jobs:
            curl -O https://cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
            tar xf cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            # Installing LLVM outside of brew
            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.xz
            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.xz
      - run:
          name: Install Rust
          command: |
@ -73,19 +95,31 @@ jobs:
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            cargo --version
      - run:
-          name: Execute tests
+          name: Tests
          command: |
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            # We increase the ulimit for fixing cargo unclosed files in mac
            ulimit -n 8000
            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=655360 kern.maxfilesperproc=327680
            make test
      - run:
-          name: Execute integration tests
+          name: Emscripten Tests
          command: |
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            # We increase the ulimit for fixing cargo unclosed files in mac
            ulimit -n 8000
            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=655360 kern.maxfilesperproc=327680
            make test-emscripten
      - run:
          name: Integration Tests
          command: |
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            make integration-tests
      - save_cache:
          paths:
@ -110,12 +144,22 @@ jobs:
          name: Install dependencies
          command: |
            sudo apt-get install -y cmake
            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
      - run:
-          name: Execute tests
+          name: Tests
          command: make test
      - run:
          name: Make release build
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make test
      - run:
          name: Emscripten Tests
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make test-emscripten
      - run:
          name: Release Build
          command: |
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
            make release
            mkdir -p artifacts
            VERSION=$(cargo pkgid | cut -d# -f2 | cut -d: -f2)
@ -153,6 +197,9 @@ jobs:
            curl -O https://cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
            tar xf cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            # Installing LLVM outside of brew
            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.xz
            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.xz
      - run:
          name: Install Rust
          command: |
@ -160,19 +207,31 @@ jobs:
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            cargo --version
      - run:
-          name: Execute tests
+          name: Tests
          command: |
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            # We increase the ulimit for fixing cargo unclosed files in mac
            ulimit -n 8000
            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=655360 kern.maxfilesperproc=327680
            make test
      - run:
-          name: Make release build
+          name: Emscripten Tests
          command: |
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            # We increase the ulimit for fixing cargo unclosed files in mac
            ulimit -n 8000
            sudo sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=655360 kern.maxfilesperproc=327680
            make test-emscripten
      - run:
          name: Release Build
          command: |
            export PATH="`pwd`/cmake-3.4.1-Darwin-x86_64/CMake.app/Contents/bin:$PATH"
            export PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
            export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-apple-darwin/"
            make release
            mkdir -p artifacts
            # VERSION=$(cargo pkgid | cut -d# -f2 | cut -d: -f2)
@ -205,8 +264,12 @@ jobs:
          name: Install dependencies
          command: |
            sudo apt-get install -y cmake
            curl -O https://releases.llvm.org/7.0.0/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
            tar xf clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04.tar.xz
      - run: rustup default nightly
-      - run: make test
+      - run: |
          export LLVM_SYS_70_PREFIX="`pwd`/clang+llvm-7.0.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-ubuntu-16.04/"
          make test
      - save_cache:
          paths:
            - /usr/local/cargo/registry
@ -249,23 +312,31 @@ workflows:
      - test:
          filters:
            branches:
-              ignore: master
+              only:
                - trying
                - staging
      - test-macos:
          filters:
            branches:
-              ignore: master
+              only:
                - trying
                - staging
      - test-and-build:
          filters:
            branches:
-              only: master
+              only:
                - master
      - test-and-build-macos:
          filters:
            branches:
-              only: master
+              only:
                - master
      - test-rust-nightly:
          filters:
            branches:
-              only: master
+              only:
                - trying
                - staging
      - publish-github-release:
          requires:
            - lint
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/---bug-report.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/---bug-report.md
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
 ---
 name: "\U0001F41E Bug report"
 about: Create a report to help us improve
 title: ''
 labels: "\U0001F41E bug"
 assignees: ''
 ---
 Thanks for the bug report!
 ### Describe the bug
 A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
 Copy and paste the result of executing the following in your shell, so we can know the version of wasmer, Rust (if available) and architecture of your environment.
 ```bash
 echo "`wasmer -V` | `rustc -V` | `uname -m`"
 ```
 ### Steps to reproduce
 1. Go to '…'
 2. Compile with '…'
 3. Run '…'
 4. See error
 If applicable, add a link to a test case (as a zip file or link to a repository we can clone).
 ### Expected behavior
 A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
 ### Actual behavior
 A clear and concise description of what actually happened.
 If applicable, add screenshots to help explain your problem.
 ### Additional context
 Add any other context about the problem here.
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/---feature-request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/---feature-request.md
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
 ---
 name: "\U0001F389 Feature request"
 about: Suggest an idea for this project
 title: ''
 labels: "\U0001F389 enhancement"
 assignees: ''
 ---
 Thanks for proposing a new feature!
 ### Motivation
 A clear and concise description of what the motivation for the new feature is, and what problem it is solving.
 ### Proposed solution
 A clear and concise description of the feature you would like to add, and how it solves the motivating problem.
 ### Alternatives
 A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered, and why you're proposed solution is better.
 ### Additional context
 Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/--question.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/--question.md
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
 ---
 name: "❓ Question"
 about: Ask a question about this project
 title: ''
 labels: "❓ question"
 assignees: ''
 ---
 ### Summary
 A clear and concise summary of your question.
 ### Additional details
 Provide any additional details here.
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 /artifacts
 .DS_Store
 .idea
 **/.vscode
--- a/ARCHITECTURE.md
+++ b/ARCHITECTURE.md
@ -2,19 +2,19 @@
 Wasmer uses the following components:
- [Cranelift](https://github.com/cranestation/cranelift): for compiling WASM function binaries into Machine IR
+- [Cranelift](https://github.com/cranestation/cranelift): for compiling Wasm binaries to machine code
- [wabt](https://github.com/pepyakin/wabt-rs): for transforming `.wast` files to `.wasm` and also to run WebAssembly spectests
+- [wabt](https://github.com/pepyakin/wabt-rs): for transforming `.wast` files to `.wasm` and running WebAssembly spec tests
- [wasmparser](https://github.com/yurydelendik/wasmparser.rs): for parsing the `.wasm` files and translating them into WebAssembly Modules
+- [wasmparser](https://github.com/yurydelendik/wasmparser.rs): for parsing the `.wasm` files and translating them into WebAssembly modules
-## How Wasmer works?
+## How Wasmer works
-The first time you run `wasmer run myfile.wasm`, wasmer will:
+The first time you run `wasmer run myfile.wasm`, Wasmer will:
- Check if is a `.wast` file. If so, transform it to `.wasm`
+- Check if is a `.wast` file, and if so, transform it to `.wasm`
- Check that the provided binary is a valid WebAssembly one. That means, that its binary format starts with `\0asm`.
+- Check that the provided binary is a valid WebAssembly one, i.e. its binary format starts with `\0asm`.
- If it looks like a WebAssembly file, try to parse it with `wasmparser` and generate a `Module` from it
+- Parse it with `wasmparser` and generate a `Module` from it
- Once a `Module` is generated, an `Instance` is created with the proper `import_object` (that means, if is detected as an emscripten file, it will add the emscripten expected imports)
+- Generate an `Instance` with the proper `import_object` (that means, if is detected to be an Emscripten file, it will add the Emscripten expected imports)
- Try to call the WebAssembly start function, or if unexistent try to search for the one that is exported as `main`.
+- Try to call the WebAssembly `start` function, or if it does not exist, try to search for the function that is exported as `main`
 Find a more detailed explanation of the process below:
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Find a more detailed explanation of the process below:
 As the WebAssembly file is being parsed, it will read the sections in the WebAssembly file (memory, table, function, global and element definitions) using the `Module` (or `ModuleEnvironment`) as the structure to hold this information.
-However, the real IR initialization happens while a function body is being parsed/created. That means, when the parser reads the section `(func ...)`.
+However, the real IR initialization happens while a function body is being parsed/created, i.e. when the parser reads the section `(func ...)`.
 While the function body is being parsed the corresponding `FuncEnvironment` methods will be called.
 So for example, if the function is using a table, the `make_table` method within that `FuncEnvironment` will be called.
@ -41,15 +41,14 @@ Once we have the compiled values, we will push them to memory and mark them as e
 #### Relocations
-Sometimes the functions that we generated will need to call other functions.
+Sometimes the functions that we generate will need to call other functions, but the generated code has no idea how to link these functions together.
 However the generated code have no idea how to link this functions together.
-For example, if a function `A` is calling function `B` (that means is having a `(call b)` on it's body) while compiling `A` we will have no idea where the function `B` lives on memory (as `B` is not yet compiled nor pushed into memory).
+For example, if a function `A` is calling function `B` (that means is having a `(call b)` on its body) while compiling `A` we will have no idea where the function `B` lives on memory (as `B` is not yet compiled nor pushed into memory).
 For that reason, we will start collecting all the calls that function `A` will need to do under the hood, and save it's offsets.
 We do that, so we can patch the function calls after compilation, to point to the correct memory address.
-Note: Sometimes this functions rather than living in the same WebAssembly module, they will be provided as import values.
+Note: sometimes this functions rather than living in the same WebAssembly module, they will be provided as import values.
 #### Traps
@ -66,5 +65,5 @@ Once that's finished, we will have a `Instance` function that will be ready to e
 ## Emscripten
-The Wasmer Emscripten integration tries to wrap (and emulate) all the different syscalls that Emscripten needs.
+Wasmer's Emscripten integration tries to wrap (and emulate) all the different syscalls that Emscripten needs.
-We provide this integration by filling the `import_object` with the emscripten functions, while instantiating the WebAssembly Instance.
+We provide this integration by filling the `import_object` with the Emscripten functions, while instantiating the WebAssembly Instance.
--- a/ATTRIBUTIONS.md
+++ b/ATTRIBUTIONS.md
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Wasmer is a community effort.
 In order to build the best WebAssembly runtime it's our duty to see how other runtimes are approaching the same space
-and get inspired from them on the things that they got right, so wasmer and its community can benefit from a solid
+and get inspired from them on the things that they got right, so Wasmer and its community can benefit from a solid
 foundation.
 These are the different project that we used as inspiration:
@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ These are the different project that we used as inspiration:
 - [Nebulet](https://github.com/nebulet/nebulet): as the base for creating a great Rust WebAssembly runtime
 - [WAVM](https://github.com/wavm/wavm): for their great integration and testing framework
 - [greenwasm](https://github.com/Kimundi/greenwasm): for their [spectests framework](https://github.com/Kimundi/greenwasm/tree/master/greenwasm-spectest)
- [wasmtime](/wasmtime): on their [mmap implementation](https://github.com/CraneStation/wasmtime/blob/3f24098edc81cd9bf0f877fb7fba018cad0f039e/lib/runtime/src/mmap.rs).
+- [wasmtime](https://github.com/CraneStation/wasmtime): for their [mmap implementation](https://github.com/CraneStation/wasmtime/blob/3f24098edc81cd9bf0f877fb7fba018cad0f039e/lib/runtime/src/mmap.rs)
- [stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/a/45795699/1072990): to create an efficient HashMap with pair keys.
+- [stackoverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/a/45795699/1072990): to create an efficient HashMap with pair keys
- [Emscripten](https://github.com/kripken/emscripten): for emtests test sources to ensure compatibility.
+- [Emscripten](https://github.com/kripken/emscripten): for emtests test sources to ensure compatibility
 We would love to hear from you if you think we can take inspiration from other projects that we haven't covered here.
 😊
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ We would love to hear from you if you think we can take inspiration from other p
 ### Nebulet
-```
+```text
 MIT License
 Copyright (c) 2018
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ SOFTWARE.
 ### WAVM
-```
+```text
 Copyright (c) 2018, Andrew Scheidecker
 All rights reserved.
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ The contents of [Test/spec](Test/spec) is covered by the license in [Test/spec/L
 ### Greenwasm
-```
+```text
                              Apache License
                        Version 2.0, January 2004
                     http://www.apache.org/licenses/
@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 ### Wasmtime
-```
+```text
                                 Apache License
                           Version 2.0, January 2004
                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ Software.
 ```
 ### Emscripten
-```
+```text
 Emscripten is available under 2 licenses, the MIT license and the
 University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License.
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "wasmer"
-version = "0.1.4"
+version = "0.2.1"
 authors = ["The Wasmer Engineering Team <engineering@wasmer.io>"]
 edition = "2018"
 repository = "https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer"
@ -26,8 +26,11 @@ wasmer-runtime = { path = "lib/runtime" }
 wasmer-runtime-core = { path = "lib/runtime-core" }
 wasmer-emscripten = { path = "lib/emscripten" }
 [target.'cfg(not(windows))'.dependencies]
 wasmer-llvm-backend = { path = "lib/llvm-backend" }
 [workspace]
-members = ["lib/clif-backend", "lib/dynasm-backend", "lib/runtime", "lib/runtime-core", "lib/emscripten", "lib/spectests"]
+members = ["lib/clif-backend", "lib/dynasm-backend", "lib/runtime", "lib/runtime-core", "lib/emscripten", "lib/spectests", "lib/win-exception-handler", "lib/runtime-c-api", "lib/llvm-backend"]
 [build-dependencies]
 wabt = "0.7.2"
@ -36,6 +39,6 @@ glob = "0.2.11"
 [features]
 default = ["fast-tests"]
-debug = []
+debug = ["wasmer-clif-backend/debug", "wasmer-runtime-core/debug"]
 # This feature will allow cargo test to run much faster
 fast-tests = []
--- a/4
+++ b/4
@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-The MIT License (MIT)
+Copyright (c) 2019 Syrus Akbary
 Copyright (c) 2018-Present Syrus Akbary
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
--- a/16
+++ b/16
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ emtests:
 #     rm -rf artifacts
 build:
-	cargo build
+	cargo build --features debug
 install:
 	cargo install --path .
@ -34,15 +34,25 @@ precommit: lint test
 test:
 	# We use one thread so the emscripten stdouts doesn't collide
-	cargo test --all -- --test-threads=1 $(runargs)
+	cargo test --all --exclude wasmer-runtime-c-api --exclude wasmer-emscripten --exclude wasmer-spectests -- $(runargs)
 	# cargo test --all --exclude wasmer-emscripten -- --test-threads=1 $(runargs)
-	# cargo test -p wasmer-spectests -- --test-threads=1 $(runargs)
+	cargo test --manifest-path lib/spectests/Cargo.toml --features clif
 	cargo test --manifest-path lib/spectests/Cargo.toml --features llvm
 	cargo build -p wasmer-runtime-c-api
 	cargo test -p wasmer-runtime-c-api -- --nocapture
 test-emscripten:
 	cargo test --manifest-path lib/emscripten/Cargo.toml --features clif -- --test-threads=1 $(runargs)
 	cargo test --manifest-path lib/emscripten/Cargo.toml --features llvm -- --test-threads=1 $(runargs)
 release:
 	# If you are in OS-X, you will need mingw-w64 for cross compiling to windows
 	# brew install mingw-w64
 	cargo build --release
 debug-release:
 	cargo build --release --features debug
 debug-release:
 	cargo build --release --features "debug"
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -1,16 +1,24 @@
-<p align="center"><a href="https://wasmer.io" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><img width="400" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wasmerio/wasmer/master/logo.png" alt="Wasmer logo"></a></p>
+<p align="center">
  <a href="https://wasmer.io" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
    <img width="400" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wasmerio/wasmer/master/logo.png" alt="Wasmer logo">
  </a>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-  <a href="https://circleci.com/gh/wasmerio/wasmer/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/circleci/project/github/wasmerio/wasmer/master.svg" alt="Build Status"></a>
+  <a href="https://circleci.com/gh/wasmerio/wasmer/">
-  <a href="https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/blob/master/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/wasmerio/wasmer.svg" alt="License"></a>
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/circleci/project/github/wasmerio/wasmer/master.svg" alt="Build Status">
  </a>
  <a href="https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/blob/master/LICENSE">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/wasmerio/wasmer.svg" alt="License">
  </a>
  <a href="https://spectrum.chat/wasmer">
-    <img alt="Join the Wasmer Community" src="https://withspectrum.github.io/badge/badge.svg" />
+    <img src="https://withspectrum.github.io/badge/badge.svg" alt="Join the Wasmer Community">
  </a>
 </p>
 ## Introduction
-[Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/) is a Standalone JIT WebAssembly runtime, aiming to be fully compatible with Emscripten, Rust and Go.
+[Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/) is a standalone JIT WebAssembly runtime, aiming to be fully compatible with Emscripten, Rust and Go.
 Install Wasmer with:
@ -18,20 +26,20 @@ Install Wasmer with:
 curl https://get.wasmer.io -sSfL | sh
 ```
-_**NEW ✨**: Now you can also embed Wasmer in your Rust application, check our [example repo](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer-rust-example) to see how to do it!_
+_**NEW ✨**: You can now embed Wasmer in your Rust application, check our [example repo](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer-rust-example) to see how!_
 ### Usage
-`wasmer` can execute both the standard binary format (`.wasm`) and the text
+Wasmer can execute both the standard binary format (`.wasm`) and the text
 format defined by the WebAssembly reference interpreter (`.wat`).
-Once installed, you will be able to run any WebAssembly files (_including Nginx, and Lua!_):
+Once installed, you will be able to run any WebAssembly files (_including nginx and Lua!_):
 ```sh
 # Run Lua
 wasmer run examples/lua.wasm
-# Run Nginx
+# Run nginx
 wasmer run examples/nginx/nginx.wasm -- -p examples/nginx -c nginx.conf
 ```
@ -39,18 +47,18 @@ wasmer run examples/nginx/nginx.wasm -- -p examples/nginx -c nginx.conf
 Wasmer is structured into different directories:
- [`src`](./src): code related to the wasmer excutable binary itself
+- [`src`](./src): code related to the Wasmer executable itself
 - [`lib`](./lib): modularized libraries that Wasmer uses under the hood
- [`examples`](./examples): some useful examples to getting started with wasmer
+- [`examples`](./examples): some useful examples to getting started with Wasmer
 ## Dependencies
-Building wasmer requires [rustup](https://rustup.rs/).
+Building Wasmer requires [rustup](https://rustup.rs/).
-To install on Windows, download and run [`rustup-init.exe`](https://win.rustup.rs/)
+To build on Windows, download and run [`rustup-init.exe`](https://win.rustup.rs/)
 then follow the onscreen instructions.
-To install on other systems, run:
+To build on other systems, run:
 ```sh
 curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
@ -66,13 +74,13 @@ Please select your operating system:
 #### macOS
-If you have [homebrew](https://brew.sh/) installed:
+If you have [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/) installed:
 ```sh
 brew install cmake
 ```
-Or, in case you have [ports](https://www.macports.org/install.php):
+Or, in case you have [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/install.php):
 ```sh
 sudo port install cmake
@ -86,15 +94,23 @@ sudo apt install cmake
 #### Windows (MSVC)
-Right now Windows support is _highly experimental_.
+Windows support is _highly experimental_. Only simple Wasm programs may be run, and no syscalls are allowed. This means
-We are working on this so Wasmer can soon be released for Windows.
+nginx and Lua do not work on Windows. See [this issue](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/issues/176) regarding Emscripten syscall polyfills for Windows.
-1. Install Python for Windows (https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-2714/). The Windows x86-64 MSI installer is fine.
+1. Install [Visual Studio](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/thank-you-downloading-visual-studio/?sku=Community&rel=15)
   You should change the installation to install the "Add python.exe to Path" feature.
-2. Install Git for Windows (https://git-scm.com/download/win). DO allow it to add git.exe to the PATH (default
+2. Install [Rust for Windows](https://win.rustup.rs)
 3. Install [Python for Windows](https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-2714/). The Windows x86-64 MSI installer is fine.
   Make sure to enable "Add python.exe to Path" during installation.
 4. Install [Git for Windows](https://git-scm.com/download/win). Allow it to add `git.exe` to your PATH (default
   settings for the installer are fine).
 5. Install [CMake](https://cmake.org/download/). Ensure CMake is in your PATH.
 6. Install [LLVM 7.0](https://prereleases.llvm.org/win-snapshots/LLVM-7.0.0-r336178-win64.exe)
 ## Building
 Wasmer is built with [Cargo](https://crates.io/), the Rust package manager.
@ -111,7 +127,7 @@ cargo install --path .
 ## Testing
-Thanks to [spectests](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/tree/master/lib/runtime-core/spectests) we can assure 100% compatibility with the WebAssembly spec test suite.
+Thanks to [spec tests](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/tree/master/lib/spectests/spectests) we can ensure 100% compatibility with the WebAssembly spec test suite.
 Tests can be run with:
@ -119,7 +135,7 @@ Tests can be run with:
 make test
 ```
-If you need to re-generate the Rust tests from the spectests
+If you need to regenerate the Rust tests from the spec tests
 you can run:
 ```sh
@ -132,24 +148,32 @@ You can also run integration tests with:
 make integration-tests
 ```
 ## Benchmarking
 Benchmarks can be run with:
 ```sh
 cargo bench --all
 ```
 ## Roadmap
 Wasmer is an open project guided by strong principles, aiming to be modular, flexible and fast. It is open to the community to help set its direction.
-Below are some of the goals (written with order) of this project:
+Below are some of the goals of this project (in order of priority):
- [x] It should be 100% compatible with the [WebAssembly Spectest](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/tree/master/spectests)
+- [x] It should be 100% compatible with the [WebAssembly spec tests](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/tree/master/lib/spectests/spectests)
 - [x] It should be fast _(partially achieved)_
 - [ ] Support Emscripten calls _(in the works)_
 - [ ] Support Rust ABI calls
- [ ] Support GO ABI calls
+- [ ] Support Go ABI calls
 ## Architecture
-If you would like to know how Wasmer works under the hood, please visit our [ARCHITECTURE](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/blob/master/ARCHITECTURE.md) document.
+If you would like to know how Wasmer works under the hood, please see [ARCHITECTURE.md](./ARCHITECTURE.md).
 ## License
-MIT/Apache-2.0
+Wasmer is primarily distributed under the terms of the [MIT license](http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) ([LICENSE](./LICENSE)).
-<small>[Attributions](./ATTRIBUTIONS.md)</small>.
+[ATTRIBUTIONS](./ATTRIBUTIONS.md)
--- a/bors.toml
+++ b/bors.toml
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
 status = [
    "ci/circleci: lint",
    "ci/circleci: test",
    "ci/circleci: test-macos",
    "continuous-integration/appveyor/branch"
 ]
 required_approvals = 1
 timeout_sec = 900
 delete_merged_branches = true 
--- a/examples/nginx/LICENSE
+++ b/examples/nginx/LICENSE
@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
 /* 
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2019 Igor Sysoev
 * Copyright (C) 2011-2019 Nginx, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
--- a/install.sh
+++ b/install.sh
@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ wasmer_link() {
  printf "$cyan> Adding to bash profile...$reset\n"
  WASMER_PROFILE="$(wasmer_detect_profile)"
  LOAD_STR="\n# Wasmer\nexport WASMER_DIR=\"\$HOME/.wasmer\"\n[ -s \"\$WASMER_DIR/wasmer.sh\" ] && source \"\$WASMER_DIR/wasmer.sh\"  # This loads wasmer\n"
-  SOURCE_STR="# Wasmer config\nexport WASMER_DIR=\"\$HOME/.wasmer\"\nexport PATH=\"\$HOME/.wasmer/bin:\$PATH\"\n"
+  SOURCE_STR="# Wasmer config\nexport WASMER_DIR=\"\$HOME/.wasmer\"\nexport WASMER_CACHE_DIR=\"\$WASMER_DIR/cache\"\nexport PATH=\"\$HOME/.wasmer/bin:\$PATH\"\n"
  # We create the wasmer.sh file
-  echo "$SOURCE_STR" > "$HOME/.wasmer/wasmer.sh"
+  printf "$SOURCE_STR" > "$HOME/.wasmer/wasmer.sh"
  if [ -z "${WASMER_PROFILE-}" ] ; then
    printf "${red}Profile not found. Tried:\n* ${WASMER_PROFILE} (as defined in \$PROFILE)\n* ~/.bashrc\n* ~/.bash_profile\n* ~/.zshrc\n* ~/.profile.\n"
--- a/integration_tests/lua/README.md
+++ b/integration_tests/lua/README.md
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # `lua` integration test
-This starts wasmer with the lua wasm file. The test asserts on
+This starts Wasmer with the Lua Wasm file. The test makes assertions on
-the output of wasmer. Run test with: 
+the output of Wasmer. Run test with:
 ```
 > ./integration_tests/lua/test.sh
--- a/integration_tests/lua/test.sh
+++ b/integration_tests/lua/test.sh
@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #! /bin/bash
-nohup ./target/release/wasmer run examples/lua.wasm &
+nohup ./target/release/wasmer run examples/lua.wasm --disable-cache -- -v
 sleep 3s
 if grep "Lua 5.4.0  Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio" ./nohup.out
 then
--- a/integration_tests/nginx/README.md
+++ b/integration_tests/nginx/README.md
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # `nginx` integration test
-This starts wasmer with the nginx wasm file and serves an html
+This starts Wasmer with the nginx Wasm file and serves an HTML
 file with some simple text to assert on. The test script does
 the assertion.
--- a/integration_tests/nginx/test.sh
+++ b/integration_tests/nginx/test.sh
@ -1,22 +1,14 @@
 #! /bin/bash
-nohup ./target/release/wasmer run examples/nginx/nginx.wasm -- -p integration_tests/nginx/ -c nginx.conf &
+nohup ./target/release/wasmer run examples/nginx/nginx.wasm --disable-cache -- -v
 sleep 3s
-curl localhost:8080 > ./nginx.out
+if grep "nginx version: nginx/1.15.3" ./nohup.out
 if grep "wasmer" ./nginx.out
 then
    echo "nginx integration test succeeded"
    rm ./nohup.out
    rm ./nginx.out
    rm -rf ./integration_tests/nginx/*_temp
    exit 0
 else
    echo "nginx integration test failed"
    rm ./nohup.out
    rm ./nginx.out
    rm -rf ./integration_tests/nginx/*_temp
    exit -1
 fi
--- a/lib/README.md
+++ b/lib/README.md
@ -2,35 +2,36 @@
 Wasmer is modularized into different libraries, separated into three main sections:
- [Runtime](#Runtime)
+- [Runtime](#runtime)
- [Integrations](#Integrations)
+- [Integrations](#integrations)
- [Backends](#Backends)
+- [Backends](#backends)
 ## Runtime
 The core of Wasmer is the runtime, which provides the necessary
-abstractions to create a good user-experience when embedding.
+abstractions to create a good user experience when embedding.
 The runtime is divided into two main libraries:
 - [runtime-core](./runtime-core/): The main implementation of the runtime.
- [runtime](./runtime/): Easy-to-use api on top of runtime-core.
+- [runtime](./runtime/): Easy-to-use API on top of `runtime-core`.
 ## Integrations
-The intergration run on-top of the Wasmer runtime and allow us to run WebAssembly files compiled for different environments.
+The integration builds on the Wasmer runtime and allow us to run WebAssembly files compiled for different environments.
 Wasmer intends to support different integrations:
- [emscripten](./emscripten): run emscripten-generated WebAssembly files, such as [Lua](../examples/lua.wasm) or [Nginx](../examples/nginx/nginx.wasm).
+- [emscripten](./emscripten): run Emscripten-generated WebAssembly files, such as [Lua](../examples/lua.wasm) or [nginx](../examples/nginx/nginx.wasm).
 - Go ABI: _we will work on this soon! Want to give us a hand? ✋_
- Blazor: _researching period, see [tracking issue](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/issues/97)_
+- Blazor: _research period, see [tracking issue](https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer/issues/97)_
 ## Backends
 The Wasmer [runtime](./runtime) is designed to support multiple compiler backends, allowing the user
-to tune the codegen properties (compile speed, performance, etc) to fit your usecase best.
+to tune the codegen properties (compile speed, performance, etc) to best fit their use case.
-Currently, we support a Cranelift compiler backend:
+Currently, we support multiple backends for compiling WebAssembly to machine code:
- [clif-backend](./clif-backend/): The integration of Wasmer with Cranelift
+- [clif-backend](./clif-backend/): Cranelift backend
 - [llvm-backend](./llvm-backend/): LLVM backend
--- a/lib/clif-backend/Cargo.toml
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/Cargo.toml
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "wasmer-clif-backend"
-version = "0.1.2"
+version = "0.2.0"
 description = "Wasmer runtime Cranelift compiler backend"
 license = "MIT"
 authors = ["The Wasmer Engineering Team <engineering@wasmer.io>"]
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ repository = "https://github.com/wasmerio/wasmer"
 edition = "2018"
 [dependencies]
-wasmer-runtime-core = { path = "../runtime-core", version = "0.1.2" }
+wasmer-runtime-core = { path = "../runtime-core", version = "0.2.0" }
 cranelift-native = "0.26.0"
 cranelift-codegen = "0.26.0"
 cranelift-entity = "0.26.0"
@ -18,25 +18,22 @@ target-lexicon = "0.2.0"
 wasmparser = "0.23.0"
 byteorder = "1"
 nix = "0.13.0"
-libc = "0.2.48"
+libc = "0.2.49"
 rayon = "1.0"
 # Dependencies for caching.
 [dependencies.serde]
 version = "1.0"
 optional = true
 [dependencies.serde_derive]
 version = "1.0"
 optional = true
 [dependencies.serde_bytes]
 version = "0.10"
 optional = true
 # [dependencies.bincode]
 # version = "1.0.1"
 # optional = true
 [dependencies.serde-bench]
 version = "0.0.7"
-optional = true
+
 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 winapi = { version = "0.3", features = ["errhandlingapi", "minwindef", "minwinbase", "winnt"] }
 wasmer-win-exception-handler = { path = "../win-exception-handler", version = "0.2.0" }
 [features]
 cache = ["serde", "serde_derive", "serde_bytes", "serde-bench", "wasmer-runtime-core/cache"]
 debug = ["wasmer-runtime-core/debug"]
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/cache.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/cache.rs
@ -1,16 +1,50 @@
 use crate::relocation::{ExternalRelocation, TrapSink};
 use hashbrown::HashMap;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
-    backend::sys::Memory,
+    backend::{sys::Memory, CacheGen},
-    cache::{Cache, Error},
+    cache::{Artifact, Error},
-    module::ModuleInfo,
+    module::{ModuleInfo, ModuleInner},
    structures::Map,
    types::{LocalFuncIndex, SigIndex},
 };
 use serde_bench::{deserialize, serialize};
 pub struct CacheGenerator {
    backend_cache: BackendCache,
    memory: Arc<Memory>,
 }
 impl CacheGenerator {
    pub fn new(backend_cache: BackendCache, memory: Arc<Memory>) -> Self {
        Self {
            backend_cache,
            memory,
        }
    }
 }
 impl CacheGen for CacheGenerator {
    fn generate_cache(
        &self,
        module: &ModuleInner,
    ) -> Result<(Box<ModuleInfo>, Box<[u8]>, Memory), Error> {
        let info = Box::new(module.info.clone());
        // Clone the memory to a new location. This could take a long time,
        // depending on the throughput of your memcpy implementation.
        let compiled_code = (*self.memory).clone();
        Ok((
            info,
            self.backend_cache.into_backend_data()?.into_boxed_slice(),
            compiled_code,
        ))
    }
 }
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct TrampolineCache {
    #[serde(with = "serde_bytes")]
@ -22,24 +56,24 @@ pub struct TrampolineCache {
 pub struct BackendCache {
    pub external_relocs: Map<LocalFuncIndex, Box<[ExternalRelocation]>>,
    pub offsets: Map<LocalFuncIndex, usize>,
-    pub trap_sink: TrapSink,
+    pub trap_sink: Arc<TrapSink>,
    pub trampolines: TrampolineCache,
 }
 impl BackendCache {
-    pub fn from_cache(cache: Cache) -> Result<(ModuleInfo, Memory, Self), Error> {
+    pub fn from_cache(cache: Artifact) -> Result<(ModuleInfo, Memory, Self), Error> {
        let (info, backend_data, compiled_code) = cache.consume();
-        let backend_cache = deserialize(backend_data.as_slice())
+        let backend_cache =
-            .map_err(|e| Error::DeserializeError(e.to_string()))?;
+            deserialize(&backend_data).map_err(|e| Error::DeserializeError(e.to_string()))?;
        Ok((info, compiled_code, backend_cache))
    }
-    pub fn into_backend_data(self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
+    pub fn into_backend_data(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
        let mut buffer = Vec::new();
-        serialize(&mut buffer, &self).map_err(|e| Error::SerializeError(e.to_string()))?;
+        serialize(&mut buffer, self).map_err(|e| Error::SerializeError(e.to_string()))?;
        Ok(buffer)
    }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/func_env.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/func_env.rs
@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let mut signature = self.env.signatures[Converter(clif_sig_index).into()].clone();
        // Add the vmctx parameter type to it
-        signature.params.push(ir::AbiParam::special(
+        signature.params.insert(
-            self.pointer_type(),
+            0,
-            ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext,
+            ir::AbiParam::special(self.pointer_type(), ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
-        ));
+        );
        // Return signature
        signature
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let vmctx = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::VMContext);
        let ptr_type = self.pointer_type();
-        let local_global_addr = match global_index.local_or_import(self.env.module) {
+        let local_global_addr = match global_index.local_or_import(&self.env.module.info) {
            LocalOrImport::Local(local_global_index) => {
                let globals_base_addr = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::Load {
                    base: vmctx,
@ -145,7 +145,8 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let vmctx = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::VMContext);
        let ptr_type = self.pointer_type();
-        let (local_memory_ptr_ptr, description) = match mem_index.local_or_import(self.env.module) {
+        let (local_memory_ptr_ptr, description) =
            match mem_index.local_or_import(&self.env.module.info) {
                LocalOrImport::Local(local_mem_index) => {
                    let memories_base_addr = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::Load {
                        base: vmctx,
@ -253,7 +254,8 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let vmctx = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::VMContext);
        let ptr_type = self.pointer_type();
-        let (table_struct_ptr_ptr, description) = match table_index.local_or_import(self.env.module)
+        let (table_struct_ptr_ptr, description) = match table_index
            .local_or_import(&self.env.module.info)
        {
            LocalOrImport::Local(local_table_index) => {
                let tables_base = func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::Load {
@ -443,6 +445,12 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
            pos.ins().symbol_value(ir::types::I64, sig_index_global)
            // let dynamic_sigindices_array_ptr = pos.ins().load(
            //     ptr_type,
            //     mflags,
            // )
            // let expected_sig = pos.ins().iconst(ir::types::I32, sig_index.index() as i64);
            // self.env.deduplicated[clif_sig_index]
@ -459,8 +467,8 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        // Build a value list for the indirect call instruction containing the call_args
        // and the vmctx parameter.
        let mut args = Vec::with_capacity(call_args.len() + 1);
        args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
        args.push(vmctx_ptr);
        args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
        Ok(pos.ins().call_indirect(sig_ref, func_ptr, &args))
    }
@ -475,9 +483,10 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        call_args: &[ir::Value],
    ) -> cranelift_wasm::WasmResult<ir::Inst> {
        let callee_index: FuncIndex = Converter(clif_callee_index).into();
        let ptr_type = self.pointer_type();
-        match callee_index.local_or_import(self.env.module) {
+        match callee_index.local_or_import(&self.env.module.info) {
-            LocalOrImport::Local(_) => {
+            LocalOrImport::Local(local_function_index) => {
                // this is an internal function
                let vmctx = pos
                    .func
@ -485,13 +494,31 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
                    .expect("missing vmctx parameter");
                let mut args = Vec::with_capacity(call_args.len() + 1);
                args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
                args.push(vmctx);
                args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
-                Ok(pos.ins().call(callee, &args))
+                let sig_ref = pos.func.dfg.ext_funcs[callee].signature;
                let function_ptr = {
                    let mflags = ir::MemFlags::trusted();
                    let function_array_ptr = pos.ins().load(
                        ptr_type,
                        mflags,
                        vmctx,
                        vm::Ctx::offset_local_functions() as i32,
                    );
                    pos.ins().load(
                        ptr_type,
                        mflags,
                        function_array_ptr,
                        (local_function_index.index() as i32) * 8,
                    )
                };
                Ok(pos.ins().call_indirect(sig_ref, function_ptr, &args))
            }
            LocalOrImport::Import(imported_func_index) => {
                let ptr_type = self.pointer_type();
                // this is an imported function
                let vmctx = pos.func.create_global_value(ir::GlobalValueData::VMContext);
@ -532,8 +559,8 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
                let sig_ref = pos.func.dfg.ext_funcs[callee].signature;
                let mut args = Vec::with_capacity(call_args.len() + 1);
                args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
                args.push(imported_vmctx_addr);
                args.extend(call_args.iter().cloned());
                Ok(pos
                    .ins()
@ -559,16 +586,17 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
            call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
            params: vec![
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                ir::AbiParam::special(self.pointer_type(), ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
            ],
            returns: vec![ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32)],
        });
        let mem_index: MemoryIndex = Converter(clif_mem_index).into();
-        let (namespace, mem_index, description) = match mem_index.local_or_import(self.env.module) {
+        let (namespace, mem_index, description) =
            match mem_index.local_or_import(&self.env.module.info) {
                LocalOrImport::Local(local_mem_index) => (
                    call_names::LOCAL_NAMESPACE,
                    local_mem_index.index(),
@ -604,7 +632,7 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let call_inst = pos
            .ins()
-            .call(mem_grow_func, &[const_mem_index, by_value, vmctx]);
+            .call(mem_grow_func, &[vmctx, const_mem_index, by_value]);
        Ok(*pos.func.dfg.inst_results(call_inst).first().unwrap())
    }
@ -623,15 +651,16 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
        let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
            call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
            params: vec![
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                ir::AbiParam::special(self.pointer_type(), ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
            ],
            returns: vec![ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32)],
        });
        let mem_index: MemoryIndex = Converter(clif_mem_index).into();
-        let (namespace, mem_index, description) = match mem_index.local_or_import(self.env.module) {
+        let (namespace, mem_index, description) =
            match mem_index.local_or_import(&self.env.module.info) {
                LocalOrImport::Local(local_mem_index) => (
                    call_names::LOCAL_NAMESPACE,
                    local_mem_index.index(),
@ -664,7 +693,7 @@ impl<'env, 'module, 'isa> FuncEnvironment for FuncEnv<'env, 'module, 'isa> {
            .special_param(ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext)
            .expect("missing vmctx parameter");
-        let call_inst = pos.ins().call(mem_grow_func, &[const_mem_index, vmctx]);
+        let call_inst = pos.ins().call(mem_grow_func, &[vmctx, const_mem_index]);
        Ok(*pos.func.dfg.inst_results(call_inst).first().unwrap())
    }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/lib.rs
@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
 mod cache;
 mod func_env;
 mod libcalls;
@ -14,21 +13,18 @@ use cranelift_codegen::{
    settings::{self, Configurable},
 };
 use target_lexicon::Triple;
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+
-use wasmer_runtime_core::{
+use wasmer_runtime_core::cache::{Artifact, Error as CacheError};
    backend::sys::Memory,
    cache::{Cache, Error as CacheError},
    module::ModuleInfo,
 };
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    backend::{Compiler, Token},
    error::{CompileError, CompileResult},
    module::ModuleInner,
 };
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate serde_derive;
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+
 extern crate rayon;
 extern crate serde;
 use wasmparser::{self, WasmDecoder};
@ -48,7 +44,7 @@ impl Compiler for CraneliftCompiler {
        let isa = get_isa();
-        let mut module = module::Module::empty();
+        let mut module = module::Module::new();
        let module_env = module_env::ModuleEnv::new(&mut module, &*isa);
        let func_bodies = module_env.translate(wasm)?;
@ -57,41 +53,41 @@ impl Compiler for CraneliftCompiler {
    }
    /// Create a wasmer Module from an already-compiled cache.
-    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+
-    unsafe fn from_cache(&self, cache: Cache, _: Token) -> Result<ModuleInner, CacheError> {
+    unsafe fn from_cache(&self, cache: Artifact, _: Token) -> Result<ModuleInner, CacheError> {
        module::Module::from_cache(cache)
    }
-    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+    //
-    fn compile_to_backend_cache_data(
+    // fn compile_to_backend_cache_data(
-        &self,
+    //     &self,
-        wasm: &[u8],
+    //     wasm: &[u8],
-        _: Token,
+    //     _: Token,
-    ) -> CompileResult<(Box<ModuleInfo>, Vec<u8>, Memory)> {
+    // ) -> CompileResult<(Box<ModuleInfo>, Vec<u8>, Memory)> {
-        validate(wasm)?;
+    //     validate(wasm)?;
-        let isa = get_isa();
+    //     let isa = get_isa();
-        let mut module = module::Module::empty();
+    //     let mut module = module::Module::new(wasm);
-        let module_env = module_env::ModuleEnv::new(&mut module, &*isa);
+    //     let module_env = module_env::ModuleEnv::new(&mut module, &*isa);
-        let func_bodies = module_env.translate(wasm)?;
+    //     let func_bodies = module_env.translate(wasm)?;
-        let (info, backend_cache, compiled_code) = module
+    //     let (info, backend_cache, compiled_code) = module
-            .compile_to_backend_cache(&*isa, func_bodies)
+    //         .compile_to_backend_cache(&*isa, func_bodies)
-            .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError {
+    //         .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError {
-                msg: format!("{:?}", e),
+    //             msg: format!("{:?}", e),
-            })?;
+    //         })?;
-        let buffer =
+    //     let buffer =
-            backend_cache
+    //         backend_cache
-                .into_backend_data()
+    //             .into_backend_data()
-                .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError {
+    //             .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError {
-                    msg: format!("{:?}", e),
+    //                 msg: format!("{:?}", e),
-                })?;
+    //             })?;
-        Ok((Box::new(info), buffer, compiled_code))
+    //     Ok((Box::new(info), buffer, compiled_code))
-    }
+    // }
 }
 fn get_isa() -> Box<isa::TargetIsa> {
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/module.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/module.rs
@ -1,75 +1,32 @@
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+use crate::cache::{BackendCache, CacheGenerator};
 use crate::cache::BackendCache;
 use crate::{resolver::FuncResolverBuilder, signal::Caller, trampoline::Trampolines};
 use cranelift_codegen::{ir, isa};
 use cranelift_entity::EntityRef;
 use cranelift_wasm;
 use hashbrown::HashMap;
-use std::{
+use std::sync::Arc;
-    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
+
-    ptr::NonNull,
+use wasmer_runtime_core::cache::{Artifact, Error as CacheError};
-};
+
 #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
-    backend::sys::Memory,
+    backend::Backend,
-    cache::{Cache, Error as CacheError},
+    error::CompileResult,
 };
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    backend::{Backend, FuncResolver, ProtectedCaller, Token, UserTrapper},
    error::{CompileResult, RuntimeResult},
    module::{ModuleInfo, ModuleInner, StringTable},
    structures::{Map, TypedIndex},
    types::{
        FuncIndex, FuncSig, GlobalIndex, LocalFuncIndex, MemoryIndex, SigIndex, TableIndex, Type,
        Value,
    },
    vm::{self, ImportBacking},
 };
 struct Placeholder;
 impl FuncResolver for Placeholder {
    fn get(
        &self,
        _module: &ModuleInner,
        _local_func_index: LocalFuncIndex,
    ) -> Option<NonNull<vm::Func>> {
        None
    }
 }
 impl ProtectedCaller for Placeholder {
    fn call(
        &self,
        _module: &ModuleInner,
        _func_index: FuncIndex,
        _params: &[Value],
        _import_backing: &ImportBacking,
        _vmctx: *mut vm::Ctx,
        _: Token,
    ) -> RuntimeResult<Vec<Value>> {
        Ok(vec![])
    }
    fn get_early_trapper(&self) -> Box<dyn UserTrapper> {
        unimplemented!()
    }
 }
 /// This contains all of the items in a `ModuleInner` except the `func_resolver`.
 pub struct Module {
-    pub module: ModuleInner,
+    pub info: ModuleInfo,
 }
 impl Module {
-    pub fn empty() -> Self {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            module: ModuleInner {
                // this is a placeholder
                func_resolver: Box::new(Placeholder),
                protected_caller: Box::new(Placeholder),
            info: ModuleInfo {
                memories: Map::new(),
                globals: Map::new(),
@ -94,85 +51,72 @@ impl Module {
                namespace_table: StringTable::new(),
                name_table: StringTable::new(),
            },
            },
        }
    }
    pub fn compile(
-        mut self,
+        self,
        isa: &isa::TargetIsa,
        functions: Map<LocalFuncIndex, ir::Function>,
    ) -> CompileResult<ModuleInner> {
        let (func_resolver_builder, handler_data) =
-            FuncResolverBuilder::new(isa, functions, &self.module.info)?;
+            FuncResolverBuilder::new(isa, functions, &self.info)?;
-        self.module.func_resolver =
+        let trampolines = Arc::new(Trampolines::new(isa, &self.info));
            Box::new(func_resolver_builder.finalize(&self.module.info.signatures)?);
-        let trampolines = Trampolines::new(isa, &self.module.info);
+        let (func_resolver, backend_cache) = func_resolver_builder.finalize(
            &self.info.signatures,
            Arc::clone(&trampolines),
            handler_data.clone(),
        )?;
-        self.module.protected_caller =
+        let protected_caller = Caller::new(&self.info, handler_data, trampolines);
            Box::new(Caller::new(&self.module.info, handler_data, trampolines));
-        Ok(self.module)
+        let cache_gen = Box::new(CacheGenerator::new(
            backend_cache,
            Arc::clone(&func_resolver.memory),
        ));
        Ok(ModuleInner {
            func_resolver: Box::new(func_resolver),
            protected_caller: Box::new(protected_caller),
            cache_gen,
            info: self.info,
        })
    }
-    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+    pub fn from_cache(cache: Artifact) -> Result<ModuleInner, CacheError> {
    pub fn compile_to_backend_cache(
        self,
        isa: &isa::TargetIsa,
        functions: Map<LocalFuncIndex, ir::Function>,
    ) -> CompileResult<(ModuleInfo, BackendCache, Memory)> {
        let (func_resolver_builder, handler_data) =
            FuncResolverBuilder::new(isa, functions, &self.module.info)?;
        let trampolines = Trampolines::new(isa, &self.module.info);
        let trampoline_cache = trampolines.to_trampoline_cache();
        let (backend_cache, compiled_code) =
            func_resolver_builder.to_backend_cache(trampoline_cache, handler_data);
        Ok((self.module.info, backend_cache, compiled_code))
    }
    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
    pub fn from_cache(cache: Cache) -> Result<ModuleInner, CacheError> {
        let (info, compiled_code, backend_cache) = BackendCache::from_cache(cache)?;
        let (func_resolver_builder, trampolines, handler_data) =
            FuncResolverBuilder::new_from_backend_cache(backend_cache, compiled_code, &info)?;
-        let func_resolver = Box::new(
+        let (func_resolver, backend_cache) = func_resolver_builder
-            func_resolver_builder
+            .finalize(
-                .finalize(&info.signatures)
+                &info.signatures,
-                .map_err(|e| CacheError::Unknown(format!("{:?}", e)))?,
+                Arc::clone(&trampolines),
-        );
+                handler_data.clone(),
            )
            .map_err(|e| CacheError::Unknown(format!("{:?}", e)))?;
-        let protected_caller = Box::new(Caller::new(&info, handler_data, trampolines));
+        let protected_caller = Caller::new(&info, handler_data, trampolines);
        let cache_gen = Box::new(CacheGenerator::new(
            backend_cache,
            Arc::clone(&func_resolver.memory),
        ));
        Ok(ModuleInner {
-            func_resolver,
+            func_resolver: Box::new(func_resolver),
-            protected_caller,
+            protected_caller: Box::new(protected_caller),
            cache_gen,
            info,
        })
    }
 }
 impl Deref for Module {
    type Target = ModuleInner;
    fn deref(&self) -> &ModuleInner {
        &self.module
    }
 }
 impl DerefMut for Module {
    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut ModuleInner {
        &mut self.module
    }
 }
 pub struct Converter<T>(pub T);
 macro_rules! convert_clif_to_runtime_index {
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/module_env.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/module_env.rs
@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use cranelift_codegen::{ir, isa};
 use cranelift_wasm::{self, translate_module, FuncTranslator, ModuleEnvironment};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    error::{CompileError, CompileResult},
    module::{
@ -62,10 +61,7 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
    /// Declares a function signature to the environment.
    fn declare_signature(&mut self, sig: &ir::Signature) {
        self.signatures.push(sig.clone());
-        self.module
+        self.module.info.signatures.push(Converter(sig).into());
            .info
            .signatures
            .push(Arc::new(Converter(sig).into()));
    }
    /// Return the signature with the given index.
@ -139,7 +135,7 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                // assert!(!desc.mutable);
                let global_index: GlobalIndex = Converter(global_index).into();
                let imported_global_index = global_index
-                    .local_or_import(self.module)
+                    .local_or_import(&self.module.info)
                    .import()
                    .expect("invalid global initializer when declaring an imported global");
                Initializer::GetGlobal(imported_global_index)
@ -249,7 +245,7 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
        let base = match base {
            Some(global_index) => {
                let global_index: GlobalIndex = Converter(global_index).into();
-                Initializer::GetGlobal(match global_index.local_or_import(self.module) {
+                Initializer::GetGlobal(match global_index.local_or_import(&self.module.info) {
                    LocalOrImport::Import(imported_global_index) => imported_global_index,
                    LocalOrImport::Local(_) => {
                        panic!("invalid global initializer when declaring an imported global")
@ -319,7 +315,7 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
        let base = match base {
            Some(global_index) => {
                let global_index: GlobalIndex = Converter(global_index).into();
-                Initializer::GetGlobal(match global_index.local_or_import(self.module) {
+                Initializer::GetGlobal(match global_index.local_or_import(&self.module.info) {
                    LocalOrImport::Import(imported_global_index) => imported_global_index,
                    LocalOrImport::Local(_) => {
                        panic!("invalid global initializer when declaring an imported global")
@ -389,7 +385,7 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
            let name = ir::ExternalName::user(0, func_index.index() as u32);
            let sig = func_env.generate_signature(
-                self.get_func_type(Converter(func_index.convert_up(self.module)).into()),
+                self.get_func_type(Converter(func_index.convert_up(&self.module.info)).into()),
            );
            let mut func = ir::Function::with_name_signature(name, sig);
@ -419,8 +415,8 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                    let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
                        call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
                        params: vec![
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                            ir::AbiParam::special(ir::types::I64, ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                        ],
                        returns: vec![],
                    });
@ -457,8 +453,8 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                    let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
                        call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
                        params: vec![
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                            ir::AbiParam::special(ir::types::I64, ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I32),
                        ],
                        returns: vec![],
                    });
@ -476,8 +472,8 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                    let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
                        call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
                        params: vec![
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I64),
                            ir::AbiParam::special(ir::types::I64, ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::I64),
                        ],
                        returns: vec![],
                    });
@ -495,8 +491,8 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                    let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
                        call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
                        params: vec![
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::F32),
                            ir::AbiParam::special(ir::types::I64, ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::F32),
                        ],
                        returns: vec![],
                    });
@ -514,8 +510,8 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                    let signature = pos.func.import_signature(ir::Signature {
                        call_conv: self.target_config().default_call_conv,
                        params: vec![
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::F64),
                            ir::AbiParam::special(ir::types::I64, ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext),
                            ir::AbiParam::new(ir::types::F64),
                        ],
                        returns: vec![],
                    });
@ -536,14 +532,14 @@ impl<'module, 'isa, 'data> ModuleEnvironment<'data> for ModuleEnv<'module, 'isa>
                let func_index = pos.ins().iconst(ir::types::I32, func_index.index() as i64);
-                pos.ins().call(start_debug, &[func_index, vmctx]);
+                pos.ins().call(start_debug, &[vmctx, func_index]);
                for param in new_ebb_params.iter().cloned() {
                    match pos.func.dfg.value_type(param) {
-                        ir::types::I32 => pos.ins().call(i32_print, &[param, vmctx]),
+                        ir::types::I32 => pos.ins().call(i32_print, &[vmctx, param]),
-                        ir::types::I64 => pos.ins().call(i64_print, &[param, vmctx]),
+                        ir::types::I64 => pos.ins().call(i64_print, &[vmctx, param]),
-                        ir::types::F32 => pos.ins().call(f32_print, &[param, vmctx]),
+                        ir::types::F32 => pos.ins().call(f32_print, &[vmctx, param]),
-                        ir::types::F64 => pos.ins().call(f64_print, &[param, vmctx]),
+                        ir::types::F64 => pos.ins().call(f64_print, &[vmctx, param]),
                        _ => unimplemented!(),
                    };
                }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/relocation.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/relocation.rs
@ -22,16 +22,14 @@ pub mod call_names {
    pub const DYNAMIC_MEM_SIZE: u32 = 5;
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum Reloc {
    Abs8,
    X86PCRel4,
    X86CallPCRel4,
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
 pub enum LibCall {
    Probestack,
    CeilF32,
@ -44,8 +42,7 @@ pub enum LibCall {
    NearestF64,
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ExternalRelocation {
    /// The relocation code.
    pub reloc: Reloc,
@ -66,8 +63,7 @@ pub struct LocalRelocation {
    pub target: FuncIndex,
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum VmCallKind {
    StaticMemoryGrow,
    StaticMemorySize,
@ -79,16 +75,14 @@ pub enum VmCallKind {
    DynamicMemorySize,
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum VmCall {
    Local(VmCallKind),
    Import(VmCallKind),
 }
 /// Specify the type of relocation
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum RelocationType {
    Intrinsic(String),
    LibCall(LibCall),
@ -218,8 +212,7 @@ impl binemit::RelocSink for RelocSink {
    }
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum TrapCode {
    StackOverflow,
    HeapOutOfBounds,
@ -244,8 +237,7 @@ impl RelocSink {
    }
 }
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct TrapData {
    pub trapcode: TrapCode,
    pub srcloc: u32,
@ -253,7 +245,7 @@ pub struct TrapData {
 /// Simple implementation of a TrapSink
 /// that saves the info for later.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "cache", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct TrapSink {
    trap_datas: Vec<(usize, TrapData)>,
 }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/resolver.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/resolver.rs
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+use crate::{cache::BackendCache, trampoline::Trampolines};
 use crate::{
    cache::{BackendCache, TrampolineCache},
    trampoline::Trampolines,
 };
 use crate::{
    libcalls,
    relocation::{
@ -11,6 +7,7 @@ use crate::{
    },
    signal::HandlerData,
 };
 use rayon::prelude::*;
 use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
 use cranelift_codegen::{ir, isa, Context};
@ -19,7 +16,7 @@ use std::{
    ptr::{write_unaligned, NonNull},
    sync::Arc,
 };
-#[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+
 use wasmer_runtime_core::cache::Error as CacheError;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    self,
@ -42,21 +39,32 @@ extern "C" {
    pub fn __chkstk();
 }
 fn lookup_func(
    map: &SliceMap<LocalFuncIndex, usize>,
    memory: &Memory,
    local_func_index: LocalFuncIndex,
 ) -> Option<NonNull<vm::Func>> {
    let offset = *map.get(local_func_index)?;
    let ptr = unsafe { memory.as_ptr().add(offset) };
    NonNull::new(ptr).map(|nonnull| nonnull.cast())
 }
 #[allow(dead_code)]
 pub struct FuncResolverBuilder {
-    resolver: FuncResolver,
+    map: Map<LocalFuncIndex, usize>,
    memory: Memory,
    local_relocs: Map<LocalFuncIndex, Box<[LocalRelocation]>>,
    external_relocs: Map<LocalFuncIndex, Box<[ExternalRelocation]>>,
    import_len: usize,
 }
 impl FuncResolverBuilder {
    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
    pub fn new_from_backend_cache(
        backend_cache: BackendCache,
        mut code: Memory,
        info: &ModuleInfo,
-    ) -> Result<(Self, Trampolines, HandlerData), CacheError> {
+    ) -> Result<(Self, Arc<Trampolines>, HandlerData), CacheError> {
        unsafe {
            code.protect(.., Protect::ReadWrite)
                .map_err(|e| CacheError::Unknown(e.to_string()))?;
@ -67,61 +75,62 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
        Ok((
            Self {
                resolver: FuncResolver {
                map: backend_cache.offsets,
                memory: code,
                },
                local_relocs: Map::new(),
                external_relocs: backend_cache.external_relocs,
                import_len: info.imported_functions.len(),
            },
-            Trampolines::from_trampoline_cache(backend_cache.trampolines),
+            Arc::new(Trampolines::from_trampoline_cache(
                backend_cache.trampolines,
            )),
            handler_data,
        ))
    }
    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
    pub fn to_backend_cache(
        mut self,
        trampolines: TrampolineCache,
        handler_data: HandlerData,
    ) -> (BackendCache, Memory) {
        self.relocate_locals();
        (
            BackendCache {
                external_relocs: self.external_relocs,
                offsets: self.resolver.map,
                trap_sink: handler_data.trap_data,
                trampolines,
            },
            self.resolver.memory,
        )
    }
    pub fn new(
        isa: &isa::TargetIsa,
        function_bodies: Map<LocalFuncIndex, ir::Function>,
        info: &ModuleInfo,
    ) -> CompileResult<(Self, HandlerData)> {
-        let mut compiled_functions: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::with_capacity(function_bodies.len());
+        let num_func_bodies = function_bodies.len();
-        let mut local_relocs = Map::with_capacity(function_bodies.len());
+        let mut local_relocs = Map::with_capacity(num_func_bodies);
-        let mut external_relocs = Map::new();
+        let mut external_relocs = Map::with_capacity(num_func_bodies);
        let mut trap_sink = TrapSink::new();
        let compiled_functions: Result<Vec<(Vec<u8>, (RelocSink, LocalTrapSink))>, CompileError> =
            function_bodies
                .into_vec()
                .par_iter()
                .map_init(
                    || Context::new(),
                    |ctx, func| {
                        let mut code_buf = Vec::new();
                        ctx.func = func.to_owned();
                        let mut reloc_sink = RelocSink::new();
                        let mut local_trap_sink = LocalTrapSink::new();
-        let mut ctx = Context::new();
+                        ctx.compile_and_emit(
-        let mut total_size = 0;
+                            isa,
-
+                            &mut code_buf,
-        for (_, func) in function_bodies {
+                            &mut reloc_sink,
-            ctx.func = func;
+                            &mut local_trap_sink,
-            let mut code_buf = Vec::new();
+                        )
            let mut reloc_sink = RelocSink::new();
            ctx.compile_and_emit(isa, &mut code_buf, &mut reloc_sink, &mut local_trap_sink)
                        .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
                        ctx.clear();
                        Ok((code_buf, (reloc_sink, local_trap_sink)))
                    },
                )
                .collect();
        let compiled_functions = compiled_functions?;
        let mut total_size = 0;
        // We separate into two iterators, one iterable and one into iterable
        let (code_bufs, sinks): (Vec<Vec<u8>>, Vec<(RelocSink, LocalTrapSink)>) =
            compiled_functions.into_iter().unzip();
        for (code_buf, (reloc_sink, mut local_trap_sink)) in code_bufs.iter().zip(sinks.into_iter())
        {
            // Clear the local trap sink and consolidate all trap info
            // into a single location.
            trap_sink.drain_local(total_size, &mut local_trap_sink);
@ -129,7 +138,6 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
            // Round up each function's size to pointer alignment.
            total_size += round_up(code_buf.len(), mem::size_of::<usize>());
            compiled_functions.push(code_buf);
            local_relocs.push(reloc_sink.local_relocs.into_boxed_slice());
            external_relocs.push(reloc_sink.external_relocs.into_boxed_slice());
        }
@ -156,10 +164,10 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
            *i = 0xCC;
        }
-        let mut map = Map::with_capacity(compiled_functions.len());
+        let mut map = Map::with_capacity(num_func_bodies);
        let mut previous_end = 0;
-        for compiled in compiled_functions.iter() {
+        for compiled in code_bufs.iter() {
            let new_end = previous_end + round_up(compiled.len(), mem::size_of::<usize>());
            unsafe {
                memory.as_slice_mut()[previous_end..previous_end + compiled.len()]
@ -169,10 +177,12 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
            previous_end = new_end;
        }
-        let handler_data = HandlerData::new(trap_sink, memory.as_ptr() as _, memory.size());
+        let handler_data =
            HandlerData::new(Arc::new(trap_sink), memory.as_ptr() as _, memory.size());
        let mut func_resolver_builder = Self {
-            resolver: FuncResolver { map, memory },
+            map,
            memory,
            local_relocs,
            external_relocs,
            import_len: info.imported_functions.len(),
@ -187,12 +197,15 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
        for (index, relocs) in self.local_relocs.iter() {
            for ref reloc in relocs.iter() {
                let local_func_index = LocalFuncIndex::new(reloc.target.index() - self.import_len);
-                let target_func_address =
+                let target_func_address = lookup_func(&self.map, &self.memory, local_func_index)
-                    self.resolver.lookup(local_func_index).unwrap().as_ptr() as usize;
+                    .unwrap()
                    .as_ptr() as usize;
                // We need the address of the current function
                // because these calls are relative.
-                let func_addr = self.resolver.lookup(index).unwrap().as_ptr() as usize;
+                let func_addr = lookup_func(&self.map, &self.memory, index)
                    .unwrap()
                    .as_ptr() as usize;
                unsafe {
                    let reloc_address = func_addr + reloc.offset as usize;
@ -208,8 +221,10 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
    pub fn finalize(
        mut self,
-        signatures: &SliceMap<SigIndex, Arc<FuncSig>>,
+        signatures: &SliceMap<SigIndex, FuncSig>,
-    ) -> CompileResult<FuncResolver> {
+        trampolines: Arc<Trampolines>,
        handler_data: HandlerData,
    ) -> CompileResult<(FuncResolver, BackendCache)> {
        for (index, relocs) in self.external_relocs.iter() {
            for ref reloc in relocs.iter() {
                let target_func_address: isize = match reloc.target {
@ -223,9 +238,9 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
                        LibCall::TruncF64 => libcalls::truncf64 as isize,
                        LibCall::NearestF64 => libcalls::nearbyintf64 as isize,
                        #[cfg(all(target_pointer_width = "64", target_os = "windows"))]
-                        Probestack => __chkstk as isize,
+                        LibCall::Probestack => __chkstk as isize,
                        #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
-                        Probestack => __rust_probestack as isize,
+                        LibCall::Probestack => __rust_probestack as isize,
                    },
                    RelocationType::Intrinsic(ref name) => match name.as_str() {
                        "i32print" => i32_print as isize,
@ -273,15 +288,17 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
                        },
                    },
                    RelocationType::Signature(sig_index) => {
-                        let sig_index =
+                        let signature = SigRegistry.lookup_signature_ref(&signatures[sig_index]);
-                            SigRegistry.lookup_sig_index(Arc::clone(&signatures[sig_index]));
+                        let sig_index = SigRegistry.lookup_sig_index(signature);
                        sig_index.index() as _
                    }
                };
                // We need the address of the current function
                // because some of these calls are relative.
-                let func_addr = self.resolver.lookup(index).unwrap().as_ptr();
+                let func_addr = lookup_func(&self.map, &self.memory, index)
                    .unwrap()
                    .as_ptr() as usize;
                // Determine relocation type and apply relocation.
                match reloc.reloc {
@ -289,9 +306,9 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
                        let ptr_to_write = (target_func_address as u64)
                            .checked_add(reloc.addend as u64)
                            .unwrap();
-                        let empty_space_offset = self.resolver.map[index] + reloc.offset as usize;
+                        let empty_space_offset = self.map[index] + reloc.offset as usize;
                        let ptr_slice = unsafe {
-                            &mut self.resolver.memory.as_slice_mut()
+                            &mut self.memory.as_slice_mut()
                                [empty_space_offset..empty_space_offset + 8]
                        };
                        LittleEndian::write_u64(ptr_slice, ptr_to_write);
@ -309,29 +326,35 @@ impl FuncResolverBuilder {
        }
        unsafe {
-            self.resolver
+            self.memory
                .memory
                .protect(.., Protect::ReadExec)
                .map_err(|e| CompileError::InternalError { msg: e.to_string() })?;
        }
-        Ok(self.resolver)
+        let backend_cache = BackendCache {
            external_relocs: self.external_relocs.clone(),
            offsets: self.map.clone(),
            trap_sink: handler_data.trap_data,
            trampolines: trampolines.to_trampoline_cache(),
        };
        Ok((
            FuncResolver {
                map: self.map,
                memory: Arc::new(self.memory),
            },
            backend_cache,
        ))
    }
 }
 unsafe impl Sync for FuncResolver {}
 unsafe impl Send for FuncResolver {}
 /// Resolves a function index to a function address.
 pub struct FuncResolver {
    map: Map<LocalFuncIndex, usize>,
-    memory: Memory,
+    pub(crate) memory: Arc<Memory>,
 }
 impl FuncResolver {
    fn lookup(&self, local_func_index: LocalFuncIndex) -> Option<NonNull<vm::Func>> {
        let offset = *self.map.get(local_func_index)?;
        let ptr = unsafe { self.memory.as_ptr().add(offset) };
        NonNull::new(ptr).map(|nonnull| nonnull.cast())
    }
 }
 // Implements FuncResolver trait.
@ -341,7 +364,7 @@ impl backend::FuncResolver for FuncResolver {
        _module: &wasmer_runtime_core::module::ModuleInner,
        index: LocalFuncIndex,
    ) -> Option<NonNull<vm::Func>> {
-        self.lookup(index)
+        lookup_func(&self.map, &self.memory, index)
    }
 }
@ -350,21 +373,21 @@ fn round_up(n: usize, multiple: usize) -> usize {
    (n + multiple - 1) & !(multiple - 1)
 }
-extern "C" fn i32_print(n: i32) {
+extern "C" fn i32_print(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx, n: i32) {
    print!(" i32: {},", n);
 }
-extern "C" fn i64_print(n: i64) {
+extern "C" fn i64_print(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx, n: i64) {
    print!(" i64: {},", n);
 }
-extern "C" fn f32_print(n: f32) {
+extern "C" fn f32_print(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx, n: f32) {
    print!(" f32: {},", n);
 }
-extern "C" fn f64_print(n: f64) {
+extern "C" fn f64_print(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx, n: f64) {
    print!(" f64: {},", n);
 }
-extern "C" fn start_debug(func_index: u32) {
+extern "C" fn start_debug(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx, func_index: u32) {
    print!("func ({}), args: [", func_index);
 }
-extern "C" fn end_debug() {
+extern "C" fn end_debug(_ctx: &mut vm::Ctx) {
    println!(" ]");
 }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/mod.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/mod.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::relocation::{TrapData, TrapSink};
 use crate::trampoline::Trampolines;
 use hashbrown::HashSet;
 use libc::c_void;
-use std::{cell::Cell, sync::Arc};
+use std::{any::Any, cell::Cell, sync::Arc};
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    backend::{ProtectedCaller, Token, UserTrapper},
    error::RuntimeResult,
@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ pub use self::unix::*;
 pub use self::windows::*;
 thread_local! {
-    pub static TRAP_EARLY_DATA: Cell<Option<String>> = Cell::new(None);
+    pub static TRAP_EARLY_DATA: Cell<Option<Box<dyn Any>>> = Cell::new(None);
 }
 pub struct Trapper;
 impl UserTrapper for Trapper {
-    unsafe fn do_early_trap(&self, msg: String) -> ! {
+    unsafe fn do_early_trap(&self, data: Box<dyn Any>) -> ! {
-        TRAP_EARLY_DATA.with(|cell| cell.set(Some(msg)));
+        TRAP_EARLY_DATA.with(|cell| cell.set(Some(data)));
        trigger_trap()
    }
 }
@ -40,11 +40,15 @@ impl UserTrapper for Trapper {
 pub struct Caller {
    func_export_set: HashSet<FuncIndex>,
    handler_data: HandlerData,
-    trampolines: Trampolines,
+    trampolines: Arc<Trampolines>,
 }
 impl Caller {
-    pub fn new(module: &ModuleInfo, handler_data: HandlerData, trampolines: Trampolines) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(
        module: &ModuleInfo,
        handler_data: HandlerData,
        trampolines: Arc<Trampolines>,
    ) -> Self {
        let mut func_export_set = HashSet::new();
        for export_index in module.exports.values() {
            if let ExportIndex::Func(func_index) = export_index {
@ -110,6 +114,7 @@ impl ProtectedCaller for Caller {
            .lookup(sig_index)
            .expect("that trampoline doesn't exist");
        #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
        call_protected(&self.handler_data, || unsafe {
            // Leap of faith.
            trampoline(
@ -120,6 +125,17 @@ impl ProtectedCaller for Caller {
            );
        })?;
        // the trampoline is called from C on windows
        #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
        call_protected(
            &self.handler_data,
            trampoline,
            vmctx_ptr,
            func_ptr,
            param_vec.as_ptr(),
            return_vec.as_mut_ptr(),
        )?;
        Ok(return_vec
            .iter()
            .zip(signature.returns().iter())
@ -137,18 +153,18 @@ impl ProtectedCaller for Caller {
    }
 }
-fn get_func_from_index(
+fn get_func_from_index<'a>(
-    module: &ModuleInner,
+    module: &'a ModuleInner,
    import_backing: &ImportBacking,
    func_index: FuncIndex,
-) -> (*const vm::Func, Context, Arc<FuncSig>, SigIndex) {
+) -> (*const vm::Func, Context, &'a FuncSig, SigIndex) {
    let sig_index = *module
        .info
        .func_assoc
        .get(func_index)
        .expect("broken invariant, incorrect func index");
-    let (func_ptr, ctx) = match func_index.local_or_import(module) {
+    let (func_ptr, ctx) = match func_index.local_or_import(&module.info) {
        LocalOrImport::Local(local_func_index) => (
            module
                .func_resolver
@ -167,7 +183,7 @@ fn get_func_from_index(
        }
    };
-    let signature = Arc::clone(&module.info.signatures[sig_index]);
+    let signature = &module.info.signatures[sig_index];
    (func_ptr, ctx, signature, sig_index)
 }
@ -175,15 +191,16 @@ fn get_func_from_index(
 unsafe impl Send for HandlerData {}
 unsafe impl Sync for HandlerData {}
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct HandlerData {
-    pub trap_data: TrapSink,
+    pub trap_data: Arc<TrapSink>,
    exec_buffer_ptr: *const c_void,
    exec_buffer_size: usize,
 }
 impl HandlerData {
    pub fn new(
-        trap_data: TrapSink,
+        trap_data: Arc<TrapSink>,
        exec_buffer_ptr: *const c_void,
        exec_buffer_size: usize,
    ) -> Self {
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/unix.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/unix.rs
@ -18,11 +18,7 @@ use nix::sys::signal::{
 use std::cell::{Cell, UnsafeCell};
 use std::ptr;
 use std::sync::Once;
-use wasmer_runtime_core::{
+use wasmer_runtime_core::error::{RuntimeError, RuntimeResult};
    error::{RuntimeError, RuntimeResult},
    structures::TypedIndex,
    types::{MemoryIndex, TableIndex},
 };
 extern "C" fn signal_trap_handler(
    signum: ::nix::libc::c_int,
@ -79,8 +75,8 @@ pub fn call_protected<T>(handler_data: &HandlerData, f: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> R
        if signum != 0 {
            *jmp_buf = prev_jmp_buf;
-            if let Some(msg) = super::TRAP_EARLY_DATA.with(|cell| cell.replace(None)) {
+            if let Some(data) = super::TRAP_EARLY_DATA.with(|cell| cell.replace(None)) {
-                Err(RuntimeError::User { msg })
+                Err(RuntimeError::Panic { data })
            } else {
                let (faulting_addr, inst_ptr) = CAUGHT_ADDRESSES.with(|cell| cell.get());
@ -91,28 +87,28 @@ pub fn call_protected<T>(handler_data: &HandlerData, f: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> R
                {
                    Err(match Signal::from_c_int(signum) {
                        Ok(SIGILL) => match trapcode {
-                            TrapCode::BadSignature => RuntimeError::IndirectCallSignature {
+                            TrapCode::BadSignature => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                                table: TableIndex::new(0),
+                                msg: "incorrect call_indirect signature".into(),
                            },
-                            TrapCode::IndirectCallToNull => RuntimeError::IndirectCallToNull {
+                            TrapCode::IndirectCallToNull => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                                table: TableIndex::new(0),
+                                msg: "indirect call to null".into(),
                            },
-                            TrapCode::HeapOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::OutOfBoundsAccess {
+                            TrapCode::HeapOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                                memory: MemoryIndex::new(0),
+                                msg: "memory out-of-bounds access".into(),
                                addr: None,
                            },
-                            TrapCode::TableOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::TableOutOfBounds {
+                            TrapCode::TableOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                                table: TableIndex::new(0),
+                                msg: "table out-of-bounds access".into(),
                            },
-                            _ => RuntimeError::Unknown {
+                            _ => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                                msg: "unknown trap".to_string(),
+                                msg: "unknown trap".into(),
                            },
                        },
-                        Ok(SIGSEGV) | Ok(SIGBUS) => RuntimeError::OutOfBoundsAccess {
+                        Ok(SIGSEGV) | Ok(SIGBUS) => RuntimeError::Trap {
-                            memory: MemoryIndex::new(0),
+                            msg: "memory out-of-bounds access".into(),
-                            addr: None,
+                        },
                        Ok(SIGFPE) => RuntimeError::Trap {
                            msg: "illegal arithmetic operation".into(),
                        },
                        Ok(SIGFPE) => RuntimeError::IllegalArithmeticOperation,
                        _ => unimplemented!(),
                    }
                    .into())
@ -126,8 +122,8 @@ pub fn call_protected<T>(handler_data: &HandlerData, f: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> R
                        _ => "unkown trapped signal",
                    };
                    // When the trap-handler is fully implemented, this will return more information.
-                    Err(RuntimeError::Unknown {
+                    Err(RuntimeError::Trap {
-                        msg: format!("trap at {:p} - {}", faulting_addr, signal),
+                        msg: format!("unknown trap at {:p} - {}", faulting_addr, signal).into(),
                    }
                    .into())
                }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/windows.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/signal/windows.rs
@ -1,10 +1,115 @@
 use crate::relocation::{TrapCode, TrapData};
 use crate::signal::HandlerData;
-use wasmer_runtime_core::error::RuntimeResult;
+use crate::trampoline::Trampoline;
 use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::ffi::c_void;
 use std::ptr;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::vm::Ctx;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::vm::Func;
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    error::{RuntimeError, RuntimeResult},
    structures::TypedIndex,
    types::{MemoryIndex, TableIndex},
 };
 use wasmer_win_exception_handler::CallProtectedData;
 pub use wasmer_win_exception_handler::_call_protected;
 use winapi::shared::minwindef::DWORD;
 use winapi::um::minwinbase::{
    EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION, EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND, EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO,
    EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT, EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION, EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW,
    EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK, EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW, EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION,
    EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO, EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW, EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW,
 };
-pub fn call_protected<T>(handler_data: &HandlerData, f: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> RuntimeResult<T> {
+thread_local! {
-    unimplemented!("TODO");
+    pub static CURRENT_EXECUTABLE_BUFFER: Cell<*const c_void> = Cell::new(ptr::null());
 }
 pub fn call_protected(
    handler_data: &HandlerData,
    trampoline: Trampoline,
    ctx: *mut Ctx,
    func: *const Func,
    param_vec: *const u64,
    return_vec: *mut u64,
 ) -> RuntimeResult<()> {
    // TODO: trap early
    // user code error
    //    if let Some(msg) = super::TRAP_EARLY_DATA.with(|cell| cell.replace(None)) {
    //        return Err(RuntimeError::User { msg });
    //    }
    let result = _call_protected(trampoline, ctx, func, param_vec, return_vec);
    if let Ok(_) = result {
        return Ok(());
    }
    let CallProtectedData {
        code: signum,
        exceptionAddress: exception_address,
        instructionPointer: instruction_pointer,
    } = result.unwrap_err();
    if let Some(TrapData {
        trapcode,
        srcloc: _,
    }) = handler_data.lookup(instruction_pointer as _)
    {
        Err(match signum as DWORD {
            EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION => RuntimeError::Trap {
                msg: "memory out-of-bounds access".into(),
            },
            EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION => match trapcode {
                TrapCode::BadSignature => RuntimeError::Trap {
                    msg: "incorrect call_indirect signature".into(),
                },
                TrapCode::IndirectCallToNull => RuntimeError::Trap {
                    msg: "indirect call to null".into(),
                },
                TrapCode::HeapOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::Trap {
                    msg: "memory out-of-bounds access".into(),
                },
                TrapCode::TableOutOfBounds => RuntimeError::Trap {
                    msg: "table out-of-bounds access".into(),
                },
                _ => RuntimeError::Trap {
                    msg: "unknown trap".into(),
                },
            },
            EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW => RuntimeError::Trap {
                msg: "stack overflow trap".into(),
            },
            EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO | EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW => RuntimeError::Trap {
                msg: "illegal arithmetic operation".into(),
            },
            _ => RuntimeError::Trap {
                msg: "unknown trap".into(),
            },
        }
        .into())
    } else {
        let signal = match signum as DWORD {
            EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK
            | EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW => "floating-point exception",
            EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION => "illegal instruction",
            EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION => "segmentation violation",
            _ => "unkown trapped signal",
        };
        Err(RuntimeError::Trap {
            msg: format!("unknown trap at {} - {}", exception_address, signal).into(),
        }
        .into())
    }
 }
 pub unsafe fn trigger_trap() -> ! {
-    unimplemented!("TODO");
+    // TODO
    unimplemented!();
 }
--- a/lib/clif-backend/src/trampoline.rs
+++ b/lib/clif-backend/src/trampoline.rs
@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
 use crate::cache::TrampolineCache;
 use cranelift_codegen::{
    binemit::{NullTrapSink, Reloc, RelocSink},
@ -7,6 +6,7 @@ use cranelift_codegen::{
    isa, Context,
 };
 use hashbrown::HashMap;
 use std::ffi::c_void;
 use std::{iter, mem};
 use wasmer_runtime_core::{
    backend::sys::{Memory, Protect},
@ -23,13 +23,15 @@ impl RelocSink for NullRelocSink {
    fn reloc_jt(&mut self, _: u32, _: Reloc, _: ir::JumpTable) {}
 }
 pub type Trampoline =
    unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut vm::Ctx, *const vm::Func, *const u64, *mut u64) -> c_void;
 pub struct Trampolines {
    memory: Memory,
    offsets: HashMap<SigIndex, usize>,
 }
 impl Trampolines {
    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
    pub fn from_trampoline_cache(cache: TrampolineCache) -> Self {
        // pub struct TrampolineCache {
        //     #[serde(with = "serde_bytes")]
@ -53,8 +55,7 @@ impl Trampolines {
        }
    }
-    #[cfg(feature = "cache")]
+    pub fn to_trampoline_cache(&self) -> TrampolineCache {
    pub fn to_trampoline_cache(self) -> TrampolineCache {
        let mut code = vec![0; self.memory.size()];
        unsafe {
@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ impl Trampolines {
        TrampolineCache {
            code,
-            offsets: self.offsets,
+            offsets: self.offsets.clone(),
        }
    }
@ -138,10 +139,7 @@ impl Trampolines {
        }
    }
-    pub fn lookup(
+    pub fn lookup(&self, sig_index: SigIndex) -> Option<Trampoline> {
        &self,
        sig_index: SigIndex,
    ) -> Option<unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut vm::Ctx, *const vm::Func, *const u64, *mut u64)> {
        let offset = *self.offsets.get(&sig_index)?;
        let ptr = unsafe { self.memory.as_ptr().add(offset) };
@ -169,6 +167,7 @@ fn generate_func(func_sig: &FuncSig) -> ir::Function {
    let mut pos = FuncCursor::new(&mut func).at_first_insertion_point(entry_ebb);
    let mut args_vec = Vec::with_capacity(func_sig.params().len() + 1);
    args_vec.push(vmctx_ptr);
    for (index, wasm_ty) in func_sig.params().iter().enumerate() {
        let mem_flags = ir::MemFlags::trusted();
@ -180,7 +179,6 @@ fn generate_func(func_sig: &FuncSig) -> ir::Function {
        );
        args_vec.push(val);
    }
    args_vec.push(vmctx_ptr);
    let call_inst = pos.ins().call_indirect(export_sig_ref, func_ptr, &args_vec);
@ -212,7 +210,9 @@ fn wasm_ty_to_clif(ty: Type) -> ir::types::Type {
 }
 fn generate_trampoline_signature() -> ir::Signature {
-    let mut sig = ir::Signature::new(isa::CallConv::SystemV);
+    let isa = super::get_isa();
    let call_convention = isa.default_call_conv();
    let mut sig = ir::Signature::new(call_convention);
    let ptr_param = ir::AbiParam {
        value_type: ir::types::I64,
@ -227,23 +227,24 @@ fn generate_trampoline_signature() -> ir::Signature {
 }
 fn generate_export_signature(func_sig: &FuncSig) -> ir::Signature {
-    let mut export_clif_sig = ir::Signature::new(isa::CallConv::SystemV);
+    let isa = super::get_isa();
    let call_convention = isa.default_call_conv();
    let mut export_clif_sig = ir::Signature::new(call_convention);
-    export_clif_sig.params = func_sig
+    let func_sig_iter = func_sig.params().iter().map(|wasm_ty| ir::AbiParam {
        .params()
        .iter()
        .map(|wasm_ty| ir::AbiParam {
        value_type: wasm_ty_to_clif(*wasm_ty),
        purpose: ir::ArgumentPurpose::Normal,
        extension: ir::ArgumentExtension::None,
        location: ir::ArgumentLoc::Unassigned,
-        })
+    });
-        .chain(iter::once(ir::AbiParam {
+
    export_clif_sig.params = iter::once(ir::AbiParam {
        value_type: ir::types::I64,
        purpose: ir::ArgumentPurpose::VMContext,
        extension: ir::ArgumentExtension::None,
        location: ir::ArgumentLoc::Unassigned,
-        }))
+    })
    .chain(func_sig_iter)
    .collect();
    export_clif_sig.returns = func_sig
--- a/lib/emscripten/Cargo.toml
+++ b/lib/emscripten/Cargo.toml
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "wasmer-emscripten"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.2.1"
 description = "Wasmer runtime emscripten implementation library"
 license = "MIT"
 authors = ["The Wasmer Engineering Team <engineering@wasmer.io>"]
@ -9,14 +9,25 @@ edition = "2018"
 build = "build/mod.rs"
 [dependencies]
-wasmer-runtime-core = { path = "../runtime-core", version = "0.1.0" }
+wasmer-runtime-core = { path = "../runtime-core", version = "0.2.1" }
-libc = { git = "https://github.com/rust-lang/libc" }
+lazy_static = "1.2.0"
 libc = "0.2.49"
 byteorder = "1"
 time = "0.1.41"
 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 rand = "0.6"
 [dev-dependencies]
-wasmer-clif-backend = { path = "../clif-backend", version = "0.1.0" }
+wasmer-clif-backend = { path = "../clif-backend", version = "0.2.0" }
 wabt = "0.7.2"
 [target.'cfg(not(windows))'.dev-dependencies]
 wasmer-llvm-backend = { path = "../llvm-backend", version = "0.1.0" }
 [build-dependencies]
 glob = "0.2.11"
 [features]
 clif = []
 llvm = []
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/FS_exports.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/FS_exports.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/clock_gettime.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/clock_gettime.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/closebitcasts.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/closebitcasts.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/dyncall.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/dyncall.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/dyncall_specific.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/dyncall_specific.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/emscripten_get_compiler_setting.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/emscripten_get_compiler_setting.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/env.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/env.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/getValue_setValue.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/getValue_setValue.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/legacy_exported_runtime_numbers.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/legacy_exported_runtime_numbers.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/localtime.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/localtime.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/modularize_closure_pre.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/modularize_closure_pre.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/printf.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/printf.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/puts.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/puts.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/stackAlloc.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/stackAlloc.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/stack_overflow.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/stack_overflow.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_addr_of_stacked.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_addr_of_stacked.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_alloca.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_alloca.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_alloca_stack.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_alloca_stack.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_array2.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_array2.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_array2b.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_array2b.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atoX.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atoX.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atomic.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atomic.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atomic_cxx.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_atomic_cxx.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_bsearch.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_bsearch.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_ccall.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_ccall.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_complex.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_complex.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_demangle_stacks.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_demangle_stacks.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_demangle_stacks_noassert.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_demangle_stacks_noassert.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_dlmalloc_partial_2.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_dlmalloc_partial_2.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_double_varargs.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_double_varargs.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_2.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_2.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_parameter_pack.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_parameter_pack.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_signatures.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_signatures.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_unicode.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_unicode.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_unused_arguments.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_asm_unused_arguments.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_js.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_em_js.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_emscripten_api.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_emscripten_api.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_emulate_function_pointer_casts.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_emulate_function_pointer_casts.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_erf.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_erf.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_errar.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_errar.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_2.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_2.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_convert.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_convert.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_destroy_virtual.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_destroy_virtual.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_libcxx.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_libcxx.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multi.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multi.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multiple_inherit.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multiple_inherit.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multiple_inherit_rethrow.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_multiple_inherit_rethrow.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_primary.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_primary.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_refcount.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_refcount.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_resume.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_resume.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_rethrow.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_rethrow.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_simplify_cfg.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_simplify_cfg.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_std.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_std.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_virtual_inheritance.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_virtual_inheritance.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_white_list.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_exceptions_white_list.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.c
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.c
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 int main() {
    char command[] = "touch";
    char arg1[] = "foo.txt";
    char* argv[3];
    argv[0] = command;
    argv[1] = arg1;
    argv[2] = 0;
    printf("_execvp\n");
    int result = execvp(command, argv);
    // should not return, and not print this message
    printf("error");
    return 0;
 }
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.out
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.out
@ -0,0 +1 @@
 _execvp
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp_windows.c
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp_windows.c
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 int main() {
    char command[] = "C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe";
    char arg1[] = "echo";
    char arg2[] = "foo";
    char* argv[4];
    argv[0] = command;
    argv[1] = arg1;
    argv[2] = arg2;
    argv[3] = 0;
    printf("_execvp\n");
    int result = execvp(command, argv);
    // should not return, and not print this message
    printf("error");
    return 0;
 }
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp_windows.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_execvp_windows.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_fast_math.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_fast_math.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_flexarray_struct.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_flexarray_struct.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_float32_precise.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_float32_precise.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_float_builtins.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_float_builtins.wasm
--- a/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_frexp.wasm
+++ b/lib/emscripten/emtests/test_frexp.wasm
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More