mirror of
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7c22e47629
* Replaced NodeInfo PubKey to NodeID * Fixed tests and replaced NodeID with ID * Removed unnecessary method ID() * Fixed codec_test.go * Fixed codec_test.go * Removed unnecessary bracket * Fixed all tests * Fixed peer_set_test.go * Fixed peer_test.go * Fixed common_test.go * Fixed common_test.go * Renamed node_id to id * Removed peer.ID() from RPC net.go * Replaced NodeInfo pubKey to ID * Fixed codec_test.go * Fixed peer_set_test.go * Fix pex_reactor_test.go * Refactored code for privateKey initiali * Fixed peer_set_test.go * Fixed test.proto and removed orphan string in codec_test.go * Fixed pointer to a string * generate node_key when running tendermint init * [docs] prefix IPs with node IDs Refs #1429 * gen_node_key cmd * [docs/specification/secure-p2p] add a note about config * fix data race Closes #1442 ``` WARNING: DATA RACE Write at 0x00c4209de7c8 by goroutine 23: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types.(*Block).fillHeader() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types/block.go:88 +0x157 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types.(*Block).Hash() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types/block.go:104 +0x121 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types.(*Block).HashesTo() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types/block.go:135 +0x4f github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).enterPrecommit() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:1037 +0x182d github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).addVote() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:1425 +0x1a6c github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).tryAddVote() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:1318 +0x77 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).handleMsg() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:581 +0x7a9 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).receiveRoutine() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:539 +0x6c3 Previous read at 0x00c4209de7c8 by goroutine 47: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common.(*HexBytes).MarshalJSON() <autogenerated>:1 +0x52 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.invokeMarshalJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:433 +0x88 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec)._encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:82 +0x8d2 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:50 +0x10e github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSONStruct() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:348 +0x539 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec)._encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:119 +0x83f github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:50 +0x10e github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSONStruct() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:348 +0x539 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec)._encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:119 +0x83f github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:50 +0x10e github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSONStruct() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:348 +0x539 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec)._encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:119 +0x83f github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:50 +0x10e github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSONStruct() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:348 +0x539 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec)._encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:119 +0x83f github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).encodeReflectJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/json-encode.go:50 +0x10e github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino.(*Codec).MarshalJSON() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/go-amino/amino.go:296 +0x182 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/types.NewRPCSuccessResponse() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/types/types.go:100 +0x12c github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server.makeJSONRPCHandler.func1() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server/handlers.go:152 +0xab7 net/http.HandlerFunc.ServeHTTP() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:1918 +0x51 net/http.(*ServeMux).ServeHTTP() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:2254 +0xa2 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server.RecoverAndLogHandler.func1() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server/http_server.go:138 +0x4fa net/http.HandlerFunc.ServeHTTP() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:1918 +0x51 net/http.serverHandler.ServeHTTP() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:2619 +0xbc net/http.(*conn).serve() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:1801 +0x83b Goroutine 23 (running) created at: github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusState).OnStart() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/state.go:250 +0x35b github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common.(*BaseService).Start() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common/service.go:130 +0x5fc github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusReactor).OnStart() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus/reactor.go:69 +0x1b4 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common.(*BaseService).Start() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common/service.go:130 +0x5fc github.com/tendermint/tendermint/consensus.(*ConsensusReactor).Start() <autogenerated>:1 +0x43 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p.(*Switch).OnStart() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/p2p/switch.go:177 +0x124 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common.(*BaseService).Start() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common/service.go:130 +0x5fc github.com/tendermint/tendermint/node.(*Node).OnStart() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/node/node.go:416 +0xa1b github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common.(*BaseService).Start() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/vendor/github.com/tendermint/tmlibs/common/service.go:130 +0x5fc github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/test.StartTendermint() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/test/helpers.go:100 +0x5b github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/client_test.TestMain() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/client/main_test.go:17 +0x4c main.main() github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/client/_test/_testmain.go:76 +0x1cd Goroutine 47 (running) created at: net/http.(*Server).Serve() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:2720 +0x37c net/http.Serve() /usr/lib/go-1.9/src/net/http/server.go:2323 +0xe2 github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server.StartHTTPServer.func1() /home/vagrant/go/src/github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/lib/server/http_server.go:35 +0xb3 ``` * removed excessive comment Refs https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/pull/1446#discussion_r180353446 * use the tag interface for pubsub. (#1438) * use the tag interface for pubsub. * update tmlibs. * Fix unresolved conflict. * improve `show_node_id` (#1433) * fix show_node_id * make LoadNodeKey public * make LoadNodeKey public * remove if * remove if
Tendermint Specification
This is a markdown specification of the Tendermint blockchain. It defines the base data structures, how they are validated, and how they are communicated over the network.
If you find discrepancies between the spec and the code that do not have an associated issue or pull request on github, please submit them to our bug bounty!
Contents
Data Structures
P2P and Network Protocols
- The Base P2P Layer: multiplex the protocols ("reactors") on authenticated and encrypted TCP connections
- Peer Exchange (PEX): gossip known peer addresses so peers can find each other
- Block Sync: gossip blocks so peers can catch up quickly
- Consensus: gossip votes and block parts so new blocks can be committed
- Mempool: gossip transactions so they get included in blocks
- Evidence: TODO
More
- Light Client: TODO
- Persistence: TODO
Overview
Tendermint provides Byzantine Fault Tolerant State Machine Replication using hash-linked batches of transactions. Such transaction batches are called "blocks". Hence, Tendermint defines a "blockchain".
Each block in Tendermint has a unique index - its Height.
A block at Height == H can only be committed after the
block at Height == H-1.
Each block is committed by a known set of weighted Validators.
Membership and weighting within this set may change over time.
Tendermint guarantees the safety and liveness of the blockchain
so long as less than 1/3 of the total weight of the Validator set
is malicious or faulty.
A commit in Tendermint is a set of signed messages from more than 2/3 of the total weight of the current Validator set. Validators take turns proposing blocks and voting on them. Once enough votes are received, the block is considered committed. These votes are included in the next block as proof that the previous block was committed - they cannot be included in the current block, as that block has already been created.
Once a block is committed, it can be executed against an application. The application returns results for each of the transactions in the block. The application can also return changes to be made to the validator set, as well as a cryptographic digest of its latest state.
Tendermint is designed to enable efficient verification and authentication of the latest state of the blockchain. To achieve this, it embeds cryptographic commitments to certain information in the block "header". This information includes the contents of the block (eg. the transactions), the validator set committing the block, as well as the various results returned by the application. Note, however, that block execution only occurs after a block is committed. Thus, application results can only be included in the next block.
Also note that information like the transaction results and the validator set are never
directly included in the block - only their cryptographic digests (Merkle roots) are.
Hence, verification of a block requires a separate data structure to store this information.
We call this the State. Block verification also requires access to the previous block.