diff --git a/core/CHANGELOG.md b/core/CHANGELOG.md
index ad06aefa..ea2d14a3 100644
--- a/core/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/core/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 ## 0.40.0 - unreleased
 
+- Allow `ListenerId` to be user-controlled, i.e. to be provided on `Transport::listen_on`.
+  See [PR 3567].
+
 - Raise MSRV to 1.65.
   See [PR 3715].
 
 - Remove deprecated symbols related to upgrades.
   See [PR 3867].
 
+[PR 3567]: https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p/pull/3567
 [PR 3715]: https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p/pull/3715
 [PR 3867]: https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p/pull/3867
 
diff --git a/core/src/either.rs b/core/src/either.rs
index 32e09ca6..3f79b2b3 100644
--- a/core/src/either.rs
+++ b/core/src/either.rs
@@ -154,14 +154,18 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         use TransportError::*;
         match self {
-            Either::Left(a) => a.listen_on(addr).map_err(|e| match e {
+            Either::Left(a) => a.listen_on(id, addr).map_err(|e| match e {
                 MultiaddrNotSupported(addr) => MultiaddrNotSupported(addr),
                 Other(err) => Other(Either::Left(err)),
             }),
-            Either::Right(b) => b.listen_on(addr).map_err(|e| match e {
+            Either::Right(b) => b.listen_on(id, addr).map_err(|e| match e {
                 MultiaddrNotSupported(addr) => MultiaddrNotSupported(addr),
                 Other(err) => Other(Either::Right(err)),
             }),
diff --git a/core/src/transport.rs b/core/src/transport.rs
index ca1796b3..c9861297 100644
--- a/core/src/transport.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport.rs
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ use std::{
     error::Error,
     fmt,
     pin::Pin,
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering},
     task::{Context, Poll},
 };
 
@@ -55,6 +56,8 @@ pub use self::memory::MemoryTransport;
 pub use self::optional::OptionalTransport;
 pub use self::upgrade::Upgrade;
 
+static NEXT_LISTENER_ID: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(1);
+
 /// A transport provides connection-oriented communication between two peers
 /// through ordered streams of data (i.e. connections).
 ///
@@ -109,8 +112,12 @@ pub trait Transport {
     /// obtained from [dialing](Transport::dial).
     type Dial: Future<Output = Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
-    /// Listens on the given [`Multiaddr`] for inbound connections.
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>>;
+    /// Listens on the given [`Multiaddr`] for inbound connections with a provided [`ListenerId`].
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>>;
 
     /// Remove a listener.
     ///
@@ -241,18 +248,25 @@ pub trait Transport {
 
 /// The ID of a single listener.
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct ListenerId(u64);
+pub struct ListenerId(usize);
 
 impl ListenerId {
+    #[deprecated(note = "Renamed to ` ListenerId::next`.")]
+    #[allow(clippy::new_without_default)]
     /// Creates a new `ListenerId`.
     pub fn new() -> Self {
-        ListenerId(rand::random())
+        ListenerId::next()
     }
-}
 
-impl Default for ListenerId {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::new()
+    /// Creates a new `ListenerId`.
+    pub fn next() -> Self {
+        ListenerId(NEXT_LISTENER_ID.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst))
+    }
+
+    #[deprecated(note = "Use ` ListenerId::next` instead.")]
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)]
+    pub fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::next()
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/core/src/transport/and_then.rs b/core/src/transport/and_then.rs
index fb528056..6e0c7e32 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/and_then.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/and_then.rs
@@ -54,9 +54,13 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = AndThenFuture<T::ListenerUpgrade, C, F>;
     type Dial = AndThenFuture<T::Dial, C, F>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         self.transport
-            .listen_on(addr)
+            .listen_on(id, addr)
             .map_err(|err| err.map(Either::Left))
     }
 
diff --git a/core/src/transport/boxed.rs b/core/src/transport/boxed.rs
index a55e4db8..8274d557 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/boxed.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/boxed.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,11 @@ type Dial<O> = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = io::Result<O>> + Send>>;
 type ListenerUpgrade<O> = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = io::Result<O>> + Send>>;
 
 trait Abstract<O> {
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<io::Error>>;
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<io::Error>>;
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool;
     fn dial(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<Dial<O>, TransportError<io::Error>>;
     fn dial_as_listener(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<Dial<O>, TransportError<io::Error>>;
@@ -70,8 +74,12 @@ where
     T::Dial: Send + 'static,
     T::ListenerUpgrade: Send + 'static,
 {
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<io::Error>> {
-        Transport::listen_on(self, addr).map_err(|e| e.map(box_err))
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<io::Error>> {
+        Transport::listen_on(self, id, addr).map_err(|e| e.map(box_err))
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -123,8 +131,12 @@ impl<O> Transport for Boxed<O> {
     type ListenerUpgrade = ListenerUpgrade<O>;
     type Dial = Dial<O>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        self.inner.listen_on(addr)
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        self.inner.listen_on(id, addr)
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/core/src/transport/choice.rs b/core/src/transport/choice.rs
index bb7d542d..b7eaacab 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/choice.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/choice.rs
@@ -46,13 +46,17 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = EitherFuture<A::ListenerUpgrade, B::ListenerUpgrade>;
     type Dial = EitherFuture<A::Dial, B::Dial>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        let addr = match self.0.listen_on(addr) {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        let addr = match self.0.listen_on(id, addr) {
             Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr)) => addr,
             res => return res.map_err(|err| err.map(Either::Left)),
         };
 
-        let addr = match self.1.listen_on(addr) {
+        let addr = match self.1.listen_on(id, addr) {
             Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr)) => addr,
             res => return res.map_err(|err| err.map(Either::Right)),
         };
diff --git a/core/src/transport/dummy.rs b/core/src/transport/dummy.rs
index a7d1cab9..951d1039 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/dummy.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/dummy.rs
@@ -59,7 +59,11 @@ impl<TOut> Transport for DummyTransport<TOut> {
     type ListenerUpgrade = futures::future::Pending<Result<Self::Output, io::Error>>;
     type Dial = futures::future::Pending<Result<Self::Output, io::Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        _id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))
     }
 
diff --git a/core/src/transport/global_only.rs b/core/src/transport/global_only.rs
index b0a12de0..4f1fe8ab 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/global_only.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/global_only.rs
@@ -276,8 +276,12 @@ impl<T: crate::Transport + Unpin> crate::Transport for Transport<T> {
     type ListenerUpgrade = <T as crate::Transport>::ListenerUpgrade;
     type Dial = <T as crate::Transport>::Dial;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        self.inner.listen_on(addr)
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        self.inner.listen_on(id, addr)
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/core/src/transport/map.rs b/core/src/transport/map.rs
index 50f7b826..553f3e63 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/map.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/map.rs
@@ -61,8 +61,12 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = MapFuture<T::ListenerUpgrade, F>;
     type Dial = MapFuture<T::Dial, F>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        self.transport.listen_on(addr)
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        self.transport.listen_on(id, addr)
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/core/src/transport/map_err.rs b/core/src/transport/map_err.rs
index 99f29124..56e1ebf2 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/map_err.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/map_err.rs
@@ -50,9 +50,15 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = MapErrListenerUpgrade<T, F>;
     type Dial = MapErrDial<T, F>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let map = self.map.clone();
-        self.transport.listen_on(addr).map_err(|err| err.map(map))
+        self.transport
+            .listen_on(id, addr)
+            .map_err(|err| err.map(map))
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/core/src/transport/memory.rs b/core/src/transport/memory.rs
index 7e079d07..4c30ee9b 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/memory.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/memory.rs
@@ -179,7 +179,11 @@ impl Transport for MemoryTransport {
     type ListenerUpgrade = Ready<Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
     type Dial = DialFuture;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let port = if let Ok(port) = parse_memory_addr(&addr) {
             port
         } else {
@@ -191,7 +195,6 @@ impl Transport for MemoryTransport {
             None => return Err(TransportError::Other(MemoryTransportError::Unreachable)),
         };
 
-        let id = ListenerId::new();
         let listener = Listener {
             id,
             port,
@@ -201,7 +204,7 @@ impl Transport for MemoryTransport {
         };
         self.listeners.push_back(Box::pin(listener));
 
-        Ok(id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -457,30 +460,40 @@ mod tests {
         let addr_1: Multiaddr = "/memory/1639174018481".parse().unwrap();
         let addr_2: Multiaddr = "/memory/8459375923478".parse().unwrap();
 
-        let listener_id_1 = transport.listen_on(addr_1.clone()).unwrap();
+        let listener_id_1 = ListenerId::next();
+
+        transport.listen_on(listener_id_1, addr_1.clone()).unwrap();
         assert!(
             transport.remove_listener(listener_id_1),
             "Listener doesn't exist."
         );
 
-        let listener_id_2 = transport.listen_on(addr_1.clone()).unwrap();
-        let listener_id_3 = transport.listen_on(addr_2.clone()).unwrap();
+        let listener_id_2 = ListenerId::next();
+        transport.listen_on(listener_id_2, addr_1.clone()).unwrap();
+        let listener_id_3 = ListenerId::next();
+        transport.listen_on(listener_id_3, addr_2.clone()).unwrap();
 
-        assert!(transport.listen_on(addr_1.clone()).is_err());
-        assert!(transport.listen_on(addr_2.clone()).is_err());
+        assert!(transport
+            .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr_1.clone())
+            .is_err());
+        assert!(transport
+            .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr_2.clone())
+            .is_err());
 
         assert!(
             transport.remove_listener(listener_id_2),
             "Listener doesn't exist."
         );
-        assert!(transport.listen_on(addr_1).is_ok());
-        assert!(transport.listen_on(addr_2.clone()).is_err());
+        assert!(transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr_1).is_ok());
+        assert!(transport
+            .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr_2.clone())
+            .is_err());
 
         assert!(
             transport.remove_listener(listener_id_3),
             "Listener doesn't exist."
         );
-        assert!(transport.listen_on(addr_2).is_ok());
+        assert!(transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr_2).is_ok());
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -489,8 +502,11 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(transport
             .dial("/memory/810172461024613".parse().unwrap())
             .is_err());
-        let _listener = transport
-            .listen_on("/memory/810172461024613".parse().unwrap())
+        transport
+            .listen_on(
+                ListenerId::next(),
+                "/memory/810172461024613".parse().unwrap(),
+            )
             .unwrap();
         assert!(transport
             .dial("/memory/810172461024613".parse().unwrap())
@@ -504,7 +520,8 @@ mod tests {
 
         let mut transport = MemoryTransport::default().boxed();
         futures::executor::block_on(async {
-            let listener_id = transport.listen_on(addr.clone()).unwrap();
+            let listener_id = ListenerId::next();
+            transport.listen_on(listener_id, addr.clone()).unwrap();
             let reported_addr = transport
                 .select_next_some()
                 .await
@@ -539,7 +556,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut t1 = MemoryTransport::default().boxed();
 
         let listener = async move {
-            t1.listen_on(t1_addr.clone()).unwrap();
+            t1.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), t1_addr.clone()).unwrap();
             let upgrade = loop {
                 let event = t1.select_next_some().await;
                 if let Some(upgrade) = event.into_incoming() {
@@ -577,7 +594,9 @@ mod tests {
         let mut listener_transport = MemoryTransport::default().boxed();
 
         let listener = async move {
-            listener_transport.listen_on(listener_addr.clone()).unwrap();
+            listener_transport
+                .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listener_addr.clone())
+                .unwrap();
             loop {
                 if let TransportEvent::Incoming { send_back_addr, .. } =
                     listener_transport.select_next_some().await
@@ -614,7 +633,9 @@ mod tests {
         let mut listener_transport = MemoryTransport::default().boxed();
 
         let listener = async move {
-            listener_transport.listen_on(listener_addr.clone()).unwrap();
+            listener_transport
+                .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listener_addr.clone())
+                .unwrap();
             loop {
                 if let TransportEvent::Incoming { send_back_addr, .. } =
                     listener_transport.select_next_some().await
diff --git a/core/src/transport/optional.rs b/core/src/transport/optional.rs
index 2d930776..839f55a4 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/optional.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/optional.rs
@@ -60,9 +60,13 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = T::ListenerUpgrade;
     type Dial = T::Dial;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         if let Some(inner) = self.0.as_mut() {
-            inner.listen_on(addr)
+            inner.listen_on(id, addr)
         } else {
             Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))
         }
diff --git a/core/src/transport/timeout.rs b/core/src/transport/timeout.rs
index c796e6f0..0e8ab3f5 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/timeout.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/timeout.rs
@@ -85,9 +85,13 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = Timeout<InnerTrans::ListenerUpgrade>;
     type Dial = Timeout<InnerTrans::Dial>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         self.inner
-            .listen_on(addr)
+            .listen_on(id, addr)
             .map_err(|err| err.map(TransportTimeoutError::Other))
     }
 
diff --git a/core/src/transport/upgrade.rs b/core/src/transport/upgrade.rs
index 9f6998d9..201918f2 100644
--- a/core/src/transport/upgrade.rs
+++ b/core/src/transport/upgrade.rs
@@ -350,8 +350,12 @@ where
         self.0.dial_as_listener(addr)
     }
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        self.0.listen_on(addr)
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        self.0.listen_on(id, addr)
     }
 
     fn address_translation(&self, server: &Multiaddr, observed: &Multiaddr) -> Option<Multiaddr> {
@@ -429,9 +433,13 @@ where
         })
     }
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         self.inner
-            .listen_on(addr)
+            .listen_on(id, addr)
             .map_err(|err| err.map(TransportUpgradeError::Transport))
     }
 
diff --git a/core/tests/transport_upgrade.rs b/core/tests/transport_upgrade.rs
index ac724a64..193ee73c 100644
--- a/core/tests/transport_upgrade.rs
+++ b/core/tests/transport_upgrade.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 // DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
 use futures::prelude::*;
-use libp2p_core::transport::{MemoryTransport, Transport};
+use libp2p_core::transport::{ListenerId, MemoryTransport, Transport};
 use libp2p_core::upgrade::{self, InboundUpgrade, OutboundUpgrade, UpgradeInfo};
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
 use libp2p_mplex::MplexConfig;
@@ -102,7 +102,9 @@ fn upgrade_pipeline() {
     let listen_addr1 = Multiaddr::from(Protocol::Memory(random::<u64>()));
     let listen_addr2 = listen_addr1.clone();
 
-    listener_transport.listen_on(listen_addr1).unwrap();
+    listener_transport
+        .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listen_addr1)
+        .unwrap();
 
     let server = async move {
         loop {
diff --git a/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs b/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
index 56bd934f..dfdc619a 100644
--- a/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
+++ b/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ use futures::future::poll_fn;
 use futures::prelude::*;
 use futures::{channel::oneshot, future::join};
 use libp2p_core::muxing::StreamMuxerExt;
+use libp2p_core::transport::ListenerId;
 use libp2p_core::{multiaddr::multiaddr, muxing, transport, upgrade, Multiaddr, Transport};
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
 use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
@@ -100,7 +101,9 @@ fn run(
     payload: &Vec<u8>,
     listen_addr: &Multiaddr,
 ) {
-    receiver_trans.listen_on(listen_addr.clone()).unwrap();
+    receiver_trans
+        .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listen_addr.clone())
+        .unwrap();
     let (addr_sender, addr_receiver) = oneshot::channel();
     let mut addr_sender = Some(addr_sender);
     let payload_len = payload.len();
diff --git a/protocols/ping/src/protocol.rs b/protocols/ping/src/protocol.rs
index 34f81652..59e583a8 100644
--- a/protocols/ping/src/protocol.rs
+++ b/protocols/ping/src/protocol.rs
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ mod tests {
     use futures::StreamExt;
     use libp2p_core::{
         multiaddr::multiaddr,
-        transport::{memory::MemoryTransport, Transport},
+        transport::{memory::MemoryTransport, ListenerId, Transport},
     };
     use rand::{thread_rng, Rng};
     use std::time::Duration;
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn ping_pong() {
         let mem_addr = multiaddr![Memory(thread_rng().gen::<u64>())];
         let mut transport = MemoryTransport::new().boxed();
-        transport.listen_on(mem_addr).unwrap();
+        transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), mem_addr).unwrap();
 
         let listener_addr = transport
             .select_next_some()
diff --git a/protocols/relay/src/priv_client/transport.rs b/protocols/relay/src/priv_client/transport.rs
index 6dceefd8..23e0e34e 100644
--- a/protocols/relay/src/priv_client/transport.rs
+++ b/protocols/relay/src/priv_client/transport.rs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ use thiserror::Error;
 /// 3. Listen for incoming relayed connections via specific relay.
 ///
 ///    ```
-///    # use libp2p_core::{Multiaddr, multiaddr::{Protocol}, Transport, PeerId};
+///    # use libp2p_core::{Multiaddr, multiaddr::{Protocol}, transport::ListenerId, Transport, PeerId};
 ///    # use libp2p_core::transport::memory::MemoryTransport;
 ///    # use libp2p_core::transport::choice::OrTransport;
 ///    # use libp2p_relay as relay;
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ use thiserror::Error;
 ///        .with(Protocol::Memory(40)) // Relay address.
 ///        .with(Protocol::P2p(relay_id.into())) // Relay peer id.
 ///        .with(Protocol::P2pCircuit); // Signal to listen via remote relay node.
-///    transport.listen_on(relay_addr).unwrap();
+///    transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), relay_addr).unwrap();
 ///    ```
 pub struct Transport {
     to_behaviour: mpsc::Sender<TransportToBehaviourMsg>,
@@ -111,7 +111,11 @@ impl libp2p_core::Transport for Transport {
     type ListenerUpgrade = Ready<Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
     type Dial = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Connection, Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        listener_id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let (relay_peer_id, relay_addr) = match parse_relayed_multiaddr(addr)? {
             RelayedMultiaddr {
                 relay_peer_id: None,
@@ -138,7 +142,6 @@ impl libp2p_core::Transport for Transport {
                 to_listener,
             });
 
-        let listener_id = ListenerId::new();
         let listener = Listener {
             listener_id,
             queued_events: Default::default(),
@@ -146,7 +149,7 @@ impl libp2p_core::Transport for Transport {
             is_closed: false,
         };
         self.listeners.push(listener);
-        Ok(listener_id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/swarm/src/behaviour/listen_addresses.rs b/swarm/src/behaviour/listen_addresses.rs
index 2a8adb8f..8882db64 100644
--- a/swarm/src/behaviour/listen_addresses.rs
+++ b/swarm/src/behaviour/listen_addresses.rs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ impl ListenAddresses {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::dummy;
-    use libp2p_core::multiaddr::Protocol;
+    use libp2p_core::{multiaddr::Protocol, transport::ListenerId};
     use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 
     #[test]
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ mod tests {
 
     fn new_listen_addr() -> FromSwarm<'static, dummy::ConnectionHandler> {
         FromSwarm::NewListenAddr(NewListenAddr {
-            listener_id: Default::default(),
+            listener_id: ListenerId::next(),
             addr: &MEMORY_ADDR,
         })
     }
 
     fn expired_listen_addr() -> FromSwarm<'static, dummy::ConnectionHandler> {
         FromSwarm::ExpiredListenAddr(ExpiredListenAddr {
-            listener_id: Default::default(),
+            listener_id: ListenerId::next(),
             addr: &MEMORY_ADDR,
         })
     }
diff --git a/swarm/src/lib.rs b/swarm/src/lib.rs
index 0796a26f..3360a0bf 100644
--- a/swarm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/swarm/src/lib.rs
@@ -474,7 +474,8 @@ where
     /// Listeners report their new listening addresses as [`SwarmEvent::NewListenAddr`].
     /// Depending on the underlying transport, one listener may have multiple listening addresses.
     pub fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<io::Error>> {
-        let id = self.transport.listen_on(addr)?;
+        let id = ListenerId::next();
+        self.transport.listen_on(id, addr)?;
         self.behaviour
             .on_swarm_event(FromSwarm::NewListener(behaviour::NewListener {
                 listener_id: id,
@@ -2222,7 +2223,9 @@ mod tests {
                 let mut transports = Vec::new();
                 for _ in 0..num_listen_addrs {
                     let mut transport = transport::MemoryTransport::default().boxed();
-                    transport.listen_on("/memory/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+                    transport
+                        .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), "/memory/0".parse().unwrap())
+                        .unwrap();
 
                     match transport.select_next_some().await {
                         TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
diff --git a/transports/dns/src/lib.rs b/transports/dns/src/lib.rs
index 7de86ba3..c39b9ad0 100644
--- a/transports/dns/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/dns/src/lib.rs
@@ -198,10 +198,14 @@ where
         BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>,
     >;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         self.inner
             .lock()
-            .listen_on(addr)
+            .listen_on(id, addr)
             .map_err(|e| e.map(DnsErr::Transport))
     }
 
@@ -599,8 +603,9 @@ mod tests {
 
             fn listen_on(
                 &mut self,
+                _: ListenerId,
                 _: Multiaddr,
-            ) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+            ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
                 unreachable!()
             }
 
diff --git a/transports/quic/src/lib.rs b/transports/quic/src/lib.rs
index af6dd187..594ba0b6 100644
--- a/transports/quic/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/quic/src/lib.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 //! # fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
 //! #
 //! use libp2p_quic as quic;
-//! use libp2p_core::{Multiaddr, Transport};
+//! use libp2p_core::{Multiaddr, Transport, transport::ListenerId};
 //!
 //! let keypair = libp2p_identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
 //! let quic_config = quic::Config::new(&keypair);
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 //! let mut quic_transport = quic::async_std::Transport::new(quic_config);
 //!
 //! let addr = "/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/12345/quic-v1".parse().expect("address should be valid");
-//! quic_transport.listen_on(addr).expect("listen error.");
+//! quic_transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).expect("listen error.");
 //! #
 //! # Ok(())
 //! # }
diff --git a/transports/quic/src/transport.rs b/transports/quic/src/transport.rs
index d68eb7f1..668034ed 100644
--- a/transports/quic/src/transport.rs
+++ b/transports/quic/src/transport.rs
@@ -98,10 +98,13 @@ impl<P: Provider> Transport for GenTransport<P> {
     type ListenerUpgrade = Connecting;
     type Dial = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        listener_id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let (socket_addr, version) = multiaddr_to_socketaddr(&addr, self.support_draft_29)
             .ok_or(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))?;
-        let listener_id = ListenerId::new();
         let listener = Listener::new(
             listener_id,
             socket_addr,
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ impl<P: Provider> Transport for GenTransport<P> {
         // New outbound connections will use the bidirectional (listener) endpoint.
         self.dialer.remove(&socket_addr.ip().into());
 
-        Ok(listener_id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -772,8 +775,9 @@ mod test {
         // Run test twice to check that there is no unexpected behaviour if `Transport.listener`
         // is temporarily empty.
         for _ in 0..2 {
-            let id = transport
-                .listen_on("/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap())
+            let id = ListenerId::next();
+            transport
+                .listen_on(id, "/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap())
                 .unwrap();
 
             // Copy channel to use it later.
@@ -866,8 +870,11 @@ mod test {
         .await;
 
         // Start listening so that the dialer and driver are dropped.
-        let _ = transport
-            .listen_on("/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap())
+        transport
+            .listen_on(
+                ListenerId::next(),
+                "/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap(),
+            )
             .unwrap();
         assert!(!transport.dialer.contains_key(&SocketFamily::Ipv4));
 
diff --git a/transports/quic/tests/smoke.rs b/transports/quic/tests/smoke.rs
index a576d3c9..93bb78e2 100644
--- a/transports/quic/tests/smoke.rs
+++ b/transports/quic/tests/smoke.rs
@@ -115,9 +115,10 @@ async fn wrapped_with_delay() {
 
         fn listen_on(
             &mut self,
+            id: ListenerId,
             addr: Multiaddr,
-        ) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-            self.0.lock().unwrap().listen_on(addr)
+        ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+            self.0.lock().unwrap().listen_on(id, addr)
         }
 
         fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -327,7 +328,10 @@ async fn draft_29_support() {
     let (_, mut d_transport) =
         create_transport::<quic::tokio::Provider>(|cfg| cfg.support_draft_29 = false);
     assert!(matches!(
-        d_transport.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/0/quic".parse().unwrap()),
+        d_transport.listen_on(
+            ListenerId::next(),
+            "/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/0/quic".parse().unwrap()
+        ),
         Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(_))
     ));
     let d_quic_v1_addr = start_listening(&mut d_transport, "/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/0/quic-v1").await;
@@ -509,7 +513,9 @@ fn create_transport<P: Provider>(
 }
 
 async fn start_listening(transport: &mut Boxed<(PeerId, StreamMuxerBox)>, addr: &str) -> Multiaddr {
-    transport.listen_on(addr.parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    transport
+        .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr.parse().unwrap())
+        .unwrap();
     match transport.next().await {
         Some(TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. }) => listen_addr,
         e => panic!("{e:?}"),
diff --git a/transports/quic/tests/stream_compliance.rs b/transports/quic/tests/stream_compliance.rs
index ec4c3121..0eff0584 100644
--- a/transports/quic/tests/stream_compliance.rs
+++ b/transports/quic/tests/stream_compliance.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use futures::channel::oneshot;
 use futures::StreamExt;
+use libp2p_core::transport::ListenerId;
 use libp2p_core::Transport;
 use libp2p_quic as quic;
 use std::time::Duration;
@@ -23,7 +24,10 @@ async fn connected_peers() -> (quic::Connection, quic::Connection) {
     let mut listener = new_transport().boxed();
 
     listener
-        .listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap())
+        .listen_on(
+            ListenerId::next(),
+            "/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/0/quic-v1".parse().unwrap(),
+        )
         .unwrap();
     let listen_address = listener.next().await.unwrap().into_new_address().unwrap();
 
diff --git a/transports/tcp/src/lib.rs b/transports/tcp/src/lib.rs
index 78f6c3f4..e4576137 100644
--- a/transports/tcp/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/tcp/src/lib.rs
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ impl Config {
     /// let listen_addr2: Multiaddr = "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/9002".parse().unwrap();
     ///
     /// let mut tcp1 = libp2p_tcp::async_io::Transport::new(libp2p_tcp::Config::new().port_reuse(true)).boxed();
-    /// tcp1.listen_on( listen_addr1.clone()).expect("listener");
+    /// tcp1.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listen_addr1.clone()).expect("listener");
     /// match tcp1.select_next_some().await {
     ///     TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
     ///         println!("Listening on {:?}", listen_addr);
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ impl Config {
     /// }
     ///
     /// let mut tcp2 = libp2p_tcp::async_io::Transport::new(libp2p_tcp::Config::new().port_reuse(true)).boxed();
-    /// tcp2.listen_on( listen_addr2).expect("listener");
+    /// tcp2.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listen_addr2).expect("listener");
     /// match tcp2.select_next_some().await {
     ///     TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
     ///         println!("Listening on {:?}", listen_addr);
@@ -437,19 +437,22 @@ where
     type Dial = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>> + Send>>;
     type ListenerUpgrade = Ready<Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let socket_addr = if let Ok(sa) = multiaddr_to_socketaddr(addr.clone()) {
             sa
         } else {
             return Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr));
         };
-        let id = ListenerId::new();
         log::debug!("listening on {}", socket_addr);
         let listener = self
             .do_listen(id, socket_addr)
             .map_err(TransportError::Other)?;
         self.listeners.push(listener);
-        Ok(id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -916,7 +919,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         async fn listener<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr, mut ready_tx: mpsc::Sender<Multiaddr>) {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
             loop {
                 match tcp.select_next_some().await {
                     TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
@@ -985,7 +988,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         async fn listener<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr, mut ready_tx: mpsc::Sender<Multiaddr>) {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
 
             loop {
                 match tcp.select_next_some().await {
@@ -1058,7 +1061,7 @@ mod tests {
             port_reuse_rx: oneshot::Receiver<Protocol<'_>>,
         ) {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new()).boxed();
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
             loop {
                 match tcp.select_next_some().await {
                     TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
@@ -1093,7 +1096,7 @@ mod tests {
         ) {
             let dest_addr = ready_rx.next().await.unwrap();
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new().port_reuse(true));
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
             match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                 TransportEvent::NewAddress { .. } => {
                     // Check that tcp and listener share the same port reuse SocketAddr
@@ -1161,7 +1164,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         async fn listen_twice<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr) {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new().port_reuse(true));
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
             match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                 TransportEvent::NewAddress {
                     listen_addr: addr1, ..
@@ -1176,7 +1179,7 @@ mod tests {
                     assert_eq!(port_reuse_tcp, port_reuse_listener1);
 
                     // Listen on the same address a second time.
-                    tcp.listen_on(addr1.clone()).unwrap();
+                    tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr1.clone()).unwrap();
                     match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                         TransportEvent::NewAddress {
                             listen_addr: addr2, ..
@@ -1215,7 +1218,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         async fn listen<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr) -> Multiaddr {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
-            tcp.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
             tcp.select_next_some()
                 .await
                 .into_new_address()
@@ -1252,13 +1255,13 @@ mod tests {
             #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
             {
                 let mut tcp = async_io::Transport::default();
-                assert!(tcp.listen_on(addr.clone()).is_err());
+                assert!(tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr.clone()).is_err());
             }
 
             #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
             {
                 let mut tcp = tokio::Transport::default();
-                assert!(tcp.listen_on(addr).is_err());
+                assert!(tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).is_err());
             }
         }
 
@@ -1320,8 +1323,8 @@ mod tests {
 
         async fn cycle_listeners<T: Provider>() -> bool {
             let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
-            let listener_id = tcp
-                .listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap())
+            let listener_id = ListenerId::next();
+            tcp.listen_on(listener_id, "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap())
                 .unwrap();
             tcp.remove_listener(listener_id)
         }
diff --git a/transports/tcp/src/provider/async_io.rs b/transports/tcp/src/provider/async_io.rs
index 590f109d..9f43ed23 100644
--- a/transports/tcp/src/provider/async_io.rs
+++ b/transports/tcp/src/provider/async_io.rs
@@ -32,14 +32,15 @@ use std::task::{Context, Poll};
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// # use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
-/// # use libp2p_core::Transport;
+/// # use libp2p_core::{Transport, transport::ListenerId};
 /// # use futures::future;
 /// # use std::pin::Pin;
 /// #
 /// # #[async_std::main]
 /// # async fn main() {
 /// let mut transport = tcp::async_io::Transport::new(tcp::Config::default());
-/// let id = transport.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+/// let id = ListenerId::next();
+/// transport.listen_on(id, "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
 ///
 /// let addr = future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut transport).poll(cx)).await.into_new_address().unwrap();
 ///
diff --git a/transports/tcp/src/provider/tokio.rs b/transports/tcp/src/provider/tokio.rs
index e4b75c8d..b991c6bd 100644
--- a/transports/tcp/src/provider/tokio.rs
+++ b/transports/tcp/src/provider/tokio.rs
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@ use std::task::{Context, Poll};
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// # use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
-/// # use libp2p_core::Transport;
+/// # use libp2p_core::{Transport, transport::ListenerId};
 /// # use futures::future;
 /// # use std::pin::Pin;
 /// #
 /// # #[tokio::main]
 /// # async fn main() {
 /// let mut transport = tcp::tokio::Transport::new(tcp::Config::default());
-/// let id = transport.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+/// let id = transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
 ///
 /// let addr = future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut transport).poll(cx)).await.into_new_address().unwrap();
 ///
diff --git a/transports/uds/src/lib.rs b/transports/uds/src/lib.rs
index 5f3f9ab7..78a6b0f0 100644
--- a/transports/uds/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/uds/src/lib.rs
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ macro_rules! codegen {
 
             fn listen_on(
                 &mut self,
+                id: ListenerId,
                 addr: Multiaddr,
-            ) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+            ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
                 if let Ok(path) = multiaddr_to_path(&addr) {
-                    let id = ListenerId::new();
                     let listener = $build_listener(path)
                         .map_err(Err)
                         .map_ok(move |listener| {
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ macro_rules! codegen {
                         .try_flatten_stream()
                         .boxed();
                     self.listeners.push_back((id, listener));
-                    Ok(id)
+                    Ok(())
                 } else {
                     Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))
                 }
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ mod tests {
     use futures::{channel::oneshot, prelude::*};
     use libp2p_core::{
         multiaddr::{Multiaddr, Protocol},
+        transport::ListenerId,
         Transport,
     };
     use std::{self, borrow::Cow, path::Path};
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         async_std::task::spawn(async move {
             let mut transport = UdsConfig::new().boxed();
-            transport.listen_on(addr).unwrap();
+            transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
 
             let listen_addr = transport
                 .select_next_some()
@@ -328,7 +329,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut uds = UdsConfig::new();
 
         let addr = "/unix//foo/bar".parse::<Multiaddr>().unwrap();
-        assert!(uds.listen_on(addr).is_err());
+        assert!(uds.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).is_err());
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/transports/wasm-ext/src/lib.rs b/transports/wasm-ext/src/lib.rs
index 164cbff4..91236ca8 100644
--- a/transports/wasm-ext/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/wasm-ext/src/lib.rs
@@ -198,7 +198,11 @@ impl Transport for ExtTransport {
     type ListenerUpgrade = Ready<Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
     type Dial = Dial;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        listener_id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let iter = self.inner.listen_on(&addr.to_string()).map_err(|err| {
             if is_not_supported_error(&err) {
                 TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr)
@@ -206,7 +210,6 @@ impl Transport for ExtTransport {
                 TransportError::Other(JsErr::from(err))
             }
         })?;
-        let listener_id = ListenerId::new();
         let listen = Listen {
             listener_id,
             iterator: SendWrapper::new(iter),
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ impl Transport for ExtTransport {
             is_closed: false,
         };
         self.listeners.push(listen);
-        Ok(listener_id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
diff --git a/transports/webrtc/src/tokio/transport.rs b/transports/webrtc/src/tokio/transport.rs
index 904da61c..21f465ba 100644
--- a/transports/webrtc/src/tokio/transport.rs
+++ b/transports/webrtc/src/tokio/transport.rs
@@ -80,9 +80,11 @@ impl libp2p_core::Transport for Transport {
     type ListenerUpgrade = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
     type Dial = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        let id = ListenerId::new();
-
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let socket_addr =
             parse_webrtc_listen_addr(&addr).ok_or(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))?;
         let udp_mux = UDPMuxNewAddr::listen_on(socket_addr)
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ impl libp2p_core::Transport for Transport {
                 .map_err(|e| TransportError::Other(Error::Io(e)))?,
         );
 
-        Ok(id)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -596,8 +598,12 @@ mod tests {
         // Run test twice to check that there is no unexpected behaviour if `QuicTransport.listener`
         // is temporarily empty.
         for _ in 0..2 {
-            let listener = transport
-                .listen_on("/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/webrtc-direct".parse().unwrap())
+            let listener = ListenerId::next();
+            transport
+                .listen_on(
+                    listener,
+                    "/ip4/0.0.0.0/udp/0/webrtc-direct".parse().unwrap(),
+                )
                 .unwrap();
             match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut transport).as_mut().poll(cx)).await {
                 TransportEvent::NewAddress {
diff --git a/transports/webrtc/tests/smoke.rs b/transports/webrtc/tests/smoke.rs
index bca159d7..8e56b997 100644
--- a/transports/webrtc/tests/smoke.rs
+++ b/transports/webrtc/tests/smoke.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use futures::future::{BoxFuture, Either};
 use futures::stream::StreamExt;
 use futures::{future, ready, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, FutureExt, SinkExt};
 use libp2p_core::muxing::{StreamMuxerBox, StreamMuxerExt};
-use libp2p_core::transport::{Boxed, TransportEvent};
+use libp2p_core::transport::{Boxed, ListenerId, TransportEvent};
 use libp2p_core::{Multiaddr, Transport};
 use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
 use libp2p_webrtc as webrtc;
@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@ fn create_transport() -> (PeerId, Boxed<(PeerId, StreamMuxerBox)>) {
 }
 
 async fn start_listening(transport: &mut Boxed<(PeerId, StreamMuxerBox)>, addr: &str) -> Multiaddr {
-    transport.listen_on(addr.parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+    transport
+        .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr.parse().unwrap())
+        .unwrap();
     match transport.next().await {
         Some(TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. }) => listen_addr,
         e => panic!("{e:?}"),
diff --git a/transports/websocket/src/framed.rs b/transports/websocket/src/framed.rs
index 318090d1..a81f6d45 100644
--- a/transports/websocket/src/framed.rs
+++ b/transports/websocket/src/framed.rs
@@ -122,7 +122,11 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
     type Dial = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
         let mut inner_addr = addr.clone();
         let proto = match inner_addr.pop() {
             Some(p @ Protocol::Wss(_)) => {
@@ -139,10 +143,10 @@ where
                 return Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr));
             }
         };
-        match self.transport.lock().listen_on(inner_addr) {
-            Ok(id) => {
+        match self.transport.lock().listen_on(id, inner_addr) {
+            Ok(()) => {
                 self.listener_protos.insert(id, proto);
-                Ok(id)
+                Ok(())
             }
             Err(e) => Err(e.map(Error::Transport)),
         }
diff --git a/transports/websocket/src/lib.rs b/transports/websocket/src/lib.rs
index 369e1d61..fa122322 100644
--- a/transports/websocket/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/websocket/src/lib.rs
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ use std::{
 ///
 /// ```
 /// # use futures::future;
-/// # use libp2p_core::Transport;
+/// # use libp2p_core::{transport::ListenerId, Transport};
 /// # use libp2p_dns as dns;
 /// # use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
 /// # use libp2p_websocket as websocket;
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ use std::{
 /// let cert = websocket::tls::Certificate::new(rcgen_cert.serialize_der().unwrap());
 /// transport.set_tls_config(websocket::tls::Config::new(priv_key, vec![cert]).unwrap());
 ///
-/// let id = transport.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0/wss".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+/// let id = transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0/wss".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
 ///
 /// let addr = future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut transport).poll(cx)).await.into_new_address().unwrap();
 /// println!("Listening on {addr}");
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ use std::{
 ///
 /// ```
 /// # use futures::future;
-/// # use libp2p_core::Transport;
+/// # use libp2p_core::{transport::ListenerId, Transport};
 /// # use libp2p_dns as dns;
 /// # use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
 /// # use libp2p_websocket as websocket;
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ use std::{
 ///     tcp::async_io::Transport::new(tcp::Config::default()),
 /// );
 ///
-/// let id = transport.listen_on("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0/ws".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
+/// let id = transport.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0/ws".parse().unwrap()).unwrap();
 ///
 /// let addr = future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut transport).poll(cx)).await.into_new_address().unwrap();
 /// println!("Listening on {addr}");
@@ -195,8 +195,12 @@ where
     type ListenerUpgrade = MapFuture<InnerFuture<T::Output, T::Error>, WrapperFn<T::Output>>;
     type Dial = MapFuture<InnerFuture<T::Output, T::Error>, WrapperFn<T::Output>>;
 
-    fn listen_on(&mut self, addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<ListenerId, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
-        self.transport.listen_on(addr)
+    fn listen_on(
+        &mut self,
+        id: ListenerId,
+        addr: Multiaddr,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
+        self.transport.listen_on(id, addr)
     }
 
     fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
@@ -293,7 +297,7 @@ where
 mod tests {
     use super::WsConfig;
     use futures::prelude::*;
-    use libp2p_core::{multiaddr::Protocol, Multiaddr, Transport};
+    use libp2p_core::{multiaddr::Protocol, transport::ListenerId, Multiaddr, Transport};
     use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
     use libp2p_tcp as tcp;
 
@@ -315,7 +319,9 @@ mod tests {
 
     async fn connect(listen_addr: Multiaddr) {
         let mut ws_config = new_ws_config().boxed();
-        ws_config.listen_on(listen_addr).expect("listener");
+        ws_config
+            .listen_on(ListenerId::next(), listen_addr)
+            .expect("listener");
 
         let addr = ws_config
             .next()