rust-libp2p/core/src/swarm/behaviour.rs

// Copyright 2019 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
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use crate::{
    Multiaddr, PeerId,
    nodes::raw_swarm::ConnectedPoint,
    protocols_handler::{IntoProtocolsHandler, ProtocolsHandler},
    swarm::PollParameters,
};
use futures::prelude::*;
use std::error;

/// A behaviour for the network. Allows customizing the swarm.
///
/// This trait has been designed to be composable. Multiple implementations can be combined into
/// one that handles all the behaviours at once.
pub trait NetworkBehaviour {
    /// Handler for all the protocols the network behaviour supports.
    type ProtocolsHandler: IntoProtocolsHandler;

    /// Event generated by the `NetworkBehaviour` and that the swarm will report back.
    type OutEvent;

    /// Creates a new `ProtocolsHandler` for a connection with a peer.
    ///
    /// Every time an incoming connection is opened, and every time we start dialing a node, this
    /// method is called.
    ///
    /// The returned object is a handler for that specific connection, and will be moved to a
    /// background task dedicated to that connection.
    ///
    /// The network behaviour (ie. the implementation of this trait) and the handlers it has
    /// spawned (ie. the objects returned by `new_handler`) can communicate by passing messages.
    /// Messages sent from the handler to the behaviour are injected with `inject_node_event`, and
    /// the behaviour can send a message to the handler by making `poll` return `SendEvent`.
    fn new_handler(&mut self) -> Self::ProtocolsHandler;

    /// Addresses that this behaviour is aware of for this specific peer, and that may allow
    /// reaching the peer.
    ///
    /// The addresses will be tried in the order returned by this function, which means that they
    /// should be ordered by decreasing likelihood of reachability. In other words, the first
    /// address should be the most likely to be reachable.
    fn addresses_of_peer(&mut self, peer_id: &PeerId) -> Vec<Multiaddr>;

    /// Indicates the behaviour that we connected to the node with the given peer id through the
    /// given endpoint.
    ///
    /// This node now has a handler (as spawned by `new_handler`) running in the background.
    fn inject_connected(&mut self, peer_id: PeerId, endpoint: ConnectedPoint);

    /// Indicates the behaviour that we disconnected from the node with the given peer id. The
    /// endpoint is the one we used to be connected to.
    ///
    /// There is no handler running anymore for this node. Any event that has been sent to it may
    /// or may not have been processed by the handler.
    fn inject_disconnected(&mut self, peer_id: &PeerId, endpoint: ConnectedPoint);

    /// Indicates the behaviour that we replace the connection from the node with another.
    ///
    /// The handler that used to be dedicated to this node has been destroyed and replaced with a
    /// new one. Any event that has been sent to it may or may not have been processed.
    ///
    /// The default implementation of this method calls `inject_disconnected` followed with
    /// `inject_connected`. This is a logically safe way to implement this behaviour. However, you
    /// may want to overwrite this method in the situations where this isn't appropriate.
    fn inject_replaced(&mut self, peer_id: PeerId, closed_endpoint: ConnectedPoint, new_endpoint: ConnectedPoint) {
        self.inject_disconnected(&peer_id, closed_endpoint);
        self.inject_connected(peer_id, new_endpoint);
    }

    /// Informs the behaviour about an event generated by the handler dedicated to the peer identified by `peer_id`.
    /// for the behaviour.
    ///
    /// The `peer_id` is guaranteed to be in a connected state. In other words, `inject_connected`
    /// has previously been called with this `PeerId`.
    fn inject_node_event(
        &mut self,
        peer_id: PeerId,
        event: <<Self::ProtocolsHandler as IntoProtocolsHandler>::Handler as ProtocolsHandler>::OutEvent
    );

    /// Indicates to the behaviour that we tried to reach an address, but failed.
    ///
    /// If we were trying to reach a specific node, its ID is passed as parameter. If this is the
    /// last address to attempt for the given node, then `inject_dial_failure` is called afterwards.
    fn inject_addr_reach_failure(&mut self, _peer_id: Option<&PeerId>, _addr: &Multiaddr, _error: &dyn error::Error) {
    }

    /// Indicates to the behaviour that we tried to dial all the addresses known for a node, but
    /// failed.
    ///
    /// The `peer_id` is guaranteed to be in a disconnected state. In other words,
    /// `inject_connected` has not been called, or `inject_disconnected` has been called since then.
    fn inject_dial_failure(&mut self, _peer_id: &PeerId) {
    }

    /// Indicates to the behaviour that we have started listening on a new multiaddr.
    fn inject_new_listen_addr(&mut self, _addr: &Multiaddr) {
    }

    /// Indicates to the behaviour that a new multiaddr we were listening on has expired,
    /// which means that we are no longer listening in it.
    fn inject_expired_listen_addr(&mut self, _addr: &Multiaddr) {
    }

    /// Indicates to the behaviour that we have discovered a new external address for us.
    fn inject_new_external_addr(&mut self, _addr: &Multiaddr) {
    }

    /// Polls for things that swarm should do.
    ///
    /// This API mimics the API of the `Stream` trait. The method may register the current task in
    /// order to wake it up at a later point in time.
    fn poll(&mut self, params: &mut PollParameters<'_>)
        -> Async<NetworkBehaviourAction<<<Self::ProtocolsHandler as IntoProtocolsHandler>::Handler as ProtocolsHandler>::InEvent, Self::OutEvent>>;
}

/// Used when deriving `NetworkBehaviour`. When deriving `NetworkBehaviour`, must be implemented
/// for all the possible event types generated by the various fields.
// TODO: document how the custom behaviour works and link this here
pub trait NetworkBehaviourEventProcess<TEvent> {
    /// Called when one of the fields of the type you're deriving `NetworkBehaviour` on generates
    /// an event.
    fn inject_event(&mut self, event: TEvent);
}

/// An action that a [`NetworkBehaviour`] can trigger in the [`Swarm`]
/// in whose context it is executing.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum NetworkBehaviourAction<TInEvent, TOutEvent> {
    /// Instructs the `Swarm` to return an event when it is being polled.
    GenerateEvent(TOutEvent),

    /// Instructs the swarm to dial the given multiaddress, with no knowledge of the `PeerId` that
    /// may be reached.
    DialAddress {
        /// The address to dial.
        address: Multiaddr,
    },

    /// Instructs the swarm to dial a known `PeerId`.
    ///
    /// The `addresses_of_peer` method is called to determine which addresses to attempt to reach.
    ///
    /// If we were already trying to dial this node, the addresses that are not yet in the queue of
    /// addresses to try are added back to this queue.
    ///
    /// On success, [`NetworkBehaviour::inject_connected`] is invoked.
    /// On failure, [`NetworkBehaviour::inject_dial_failure`] is invoked.
    DialPeer {
        /// The peer to try reach.
        peer_id: PeerId,
    },

    /// Instructs the `Swarm` to send a message to the handler dedicated to the connection with the peer.
    ///
    /// If the `Swarm` is connected to the peer, the message is delivered to the remote's
    /// protocol handler. If there is no connection to the peer, the message is ignored.
    /// To ensure delivery, the `NetworkBehaviour` must keep track of connected peers.
    ///
    /// Note that even if the peer is currently connected, connections can get closed
    /// at any time and thus the message may not reach its destination.
    SendEvent {
        /// The peer to which to send the message.
        peer_id: PeerId,
        /// The message to send.
        event: TInEvent,
    },

    /// Informs the `Swarm` about a multi-address observed by a remote for
    /// the local node.
    ///
    /// It is advisable to issue `ReportObservedAddr` actions at a fixed frequency
    /// per node. This way address information will be more accurate over time
    /// and individual outliers carry less weight.
    ReportObservedAddr {
        /// The observed address of the local node.
        address: Multiaddr,
    },
}